Fig. 4. Numerical simulation of the electric field strength surface plots (A and D) and line plots (B and E) and DEP force line plots (C) in the CF-DEP device (A–C) and DEP-BPE device (D and E). Numerical simulation of CM factor required for capture of A375 cells in various y-positions in the DEP-BPE device, where y = 0 μm is defined as the channel wall in line with the opening to the micropocket (F). Line plots were taken along the cutline indicated in (A and D). The dimensions (channel width, pocket size and electrode positions and shapes) matched those of device employed in this study, and pDEP force was estimated based on a 20 μm-diameter cell at a CM factor of 1.0 for CF-DEP.