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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Vis Exp. 2022 Jun 27;(184):10.3791/62763. doi: 10.3791/62763

Figure 2: Example traces of ex vivo photoreceptor and ON-bipolar cell responses.

Figure 2:

Addition of pharmacological agents to the perfusate allows quantification of contributions from individual retinal cell types to the ex vivo electroretinogram. Photoreceptor (PR) light responses are isolated in the presence of 100 μM barium chloride (BaCl2) (A), a blocker of K+ channels expressed by Müller glial cells, as well as 40 μM DL-AP4, a glutamate receptor blocker, which inhibits signal transmission from photoreceptors to ON-bipolar cells (B). ON-bipolar cell (ON-BPC) function (C) is determined by subtracting the photoreceptor component (B) from the combined photoreceptor and ON-bipolar cell response in the presence of barium chloride alone (A). Photoreceptor light responses can be obtained from human donor retinas with a death to enucleation delay of <5 h (D), whereas retinas enucleated within 20 min of death frequently also give ON-bipolar cell responses (E). Figure 2A–C is modified from8. Abbreviation: PR = photoreceptor; ON-BPC = ON-bipolar cell.