TABLE 1:
Classes and examples of radiosensitizers
| Platinum-based compounds | |
| Cisplatin24–26 | Interstrand and intrastrand crosslinking of DNA, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of DNA damage repair, inhibition of angiogenesis, generation of oxidative stress |
| Carboplatin24,25 | |
| Taxanes | |
| Docetaxel27 | Antimicrotubular agents, cell cycle arrest |
| Paclitaxel28,29 | |
| Anti-metabolites | |
| 5-FU30,32 | Pyrimidine analog, inhibits DNA replication and synthesis, cell cycle arrest |
| Gemcitabine30,33 | |
| Methotrexate30 | Folic acid analog, inhibits de novo purine and thymidine synthesis, inhibition of DNA replication |
| EGFR inhibitors | |
| Cetuximab37,38 | EGFR inhibition |
| Afatinib37 | |
| Erlotinib41 | |
| Immunotherapy | |
| Pembrolizumab74 | PD-1 inhibition |
| Nivolumab74 | |
| Cemiplimab49 | |
| Enzyme inhibitors | |
| Olaparib56,59 | PARP inhibitor, inhibition of DNA damage repair, hypoxia sensitizer |
| Valproic Acid60,63 | HDAC inhibitor |
| CUDC-10161,62 | Inhibitor of EGFR, HER and HDAC |
| CB-83964 | Glutaminase inhibitor |
| Hypoxia sensitizers | |
| Nimorazole69,70 | Oxygen mimetic, increases oxidative stress |
| Olaparib56,59 | PARP inhibitor, inhibition of DNA damage repair, hypoxia sensitizer |