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. 2023 May 26;15:407–421. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S407388

Table 3.

Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Quality, and Quality of Life in IBD Patients in Mild, Moderate, Severe Activity

IBD (n = 1532) UC (n = 967) CD (n = 565)
All Mild Moderate Severe P All Mild Moderate Severe P All Mild Moderate Severe P
Anxiety 0.011 0.051 0.243
 No (GAD-7<10) 1082(70.6) 422(71.8) 530(72.2) 130(61.9) 663(68.6) 258(69.9) 324(70.1) 81(59.6) 419(74.2) 164(74.9) 206(75.7) 49(66.2)
 Yes (GAD-7≥10) 450(29.4) 166(28.2) 204(27.8) 80(38.1) 304(31.4) 111(30.1) 138(29.9) 55(40.4) 146(25.8) 55(25.1) 66(24.3) 25(33.8)
Symptom Severity 0.040 0.082 0.758
 Minimal 571(37.3) 209(35.5) 295(40.2) 67(31.9) 367(38.0) 130(35.2) 192(41.6) 45(33.1) 204(36.1) 79(36.1) 103(37.9) 22(29.7)
 Mild 511(33.4) 213(36.2) 235(32.0) 63(30.0) 296(30.6) 128(34.7) 132(44.5) 36(26.5) 215(38.1) 85(38.8) 103(37.9) 27(36.5)
 Moderate 272(17.8) 98(16.7) 127(17.3) 47(22.4) 192(19.9) 69(18.7) 90(19.5) 33(17.2) 80(14.2) 29(13.2) 37(13.6) 14(18.9)
 Severe 178(11.6) 68(11.6) 77(10.5) 33(15.7) 112(11.6) 42(11.4) 48(10.4) 22(16.2) 66(11.7) 26(11.9) 29(10.7) 11(14.9)
Depression 0.017 0.02 0.588
 No (PHQ-9<10) 1026(67.0) 396(67.3) 507(69.1) 123(58.6) 634(65.6) 245(66.4) 314(68.0) 75(55.1) 392(69.4) 151(68.9) 193(71.0) 48(64.9)
 Yes (PHQ-9≥10) 506(33.0) 192(32.7) 227(30.9) 87(41.4) 333(34.4) 124(33.6) 148(32.0) 61(44.9) 173(30.6) 68(31.1) 79(29.0) 26(35.1)
Symptom Severity 0.060 0.203 0.387
 Minimal 606(39.6) 238(40.5) 303(41.3) 65(31.0) 400(41.4) 155(42.0) 199(43.1) 46(33.8) 206(36.5) 83(37.9) 104(38.3) 19(25.7)
 Mild 420(27.4) 158(26.9) 204(27.8) 58(27.5) 234(24.2) 90(24.4) 115(24.9) 29(21.3) 186(32.9) 68(31.1) 89(32.7) 29(39.2)
 Moderate 273(17.8) 99(16.7) 130(17.7) 44(21.0) 184(19.0) 67(18.2) 85(18.4) 32(23.6) 89(15.8) 32(14.6) 45(16.5) 12(16.2)
 Severe 233(15.2) 93(15.8) 97(41.6) 43(20.5) 149(15.4) 57(15.4) 63(13.6) 29(21.3) 84(14.9) 36(16.4) 34(12.5) 14(18.9)
Sleep disturbance 0.056 0.077 0.583
 No (PSQI≤5) 427(27.9) 163(27.7) 219(29.8) 45(21.4) 267(27.6) 103(27.9) 137(29.7) 27(19.9) 160(28.3) 60(27.4) 82(30.1) 18(24.3)
 Yes (PSQI>5) 1105(72.1) 425(72.3) 515(70.2) 165(78.6) 700(72.4) 266(72.1) 325(70.3) 109(80.1) 405(71.7) 159(72.6) 190(69.9) 56(75.7)
Sleep quality <0.001 <0.001 0.458
 Good 575(37.5) 225(38.3) 288(39.2) 62(29.5) 369(38.2) 147(39.8) 183(39.6) 39(28.7) 206(36.5) 78(35.6) 105(38.6) 23(31.1)
 Medium 656(42.8) 266(45.2) 312(42.5) 78(37.1) 403(41.6) 162(43.9) 194(42.0) 47(34.6) 253(44.8) 104(47.5) 118(43.4) 31(41.9)
 Poor 251(16.4) 78(13.3) 118(16.1) 55(26.2) 169(17.5) 51(13.8) 78(16.9) 40(29.3) 82(14.5) 27(12.3) 40(14.7) 15(20.3)
 Very poor 50(3.3) 19(3.2) 16(2.2) 15(7.1) 26(2.7) 9(2.4) 7(1.5) 10(7.4) 24(4.2) 10(4.6) 9(3.3) 5(6.7)
Quality of life <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
 Poor (IBD-Q<169) 768(50.1) 235(40.0) 384(52.3) 149(71.0) 507(52.4) 149(40.4) 262(56.7) 96(70.6) 261(46.2) 86(39.3) 122(44.9) 53(71.6)
 Not poor (IBD-Q≥169) 764(49.9) 353(60.0) 350(47.7) 61(29.0) 460(47.6) 220(59.6) 200(43.3) 40(29.4) 304(53.8) 133(60.7) 150(55.1) 21(28.4)

Abbreviations: GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; IBD-Q, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality-of-Life Questionnaire; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; CD, Crohn’s disease; P, P value.