Figure 1.

RECOVER AF procedural workflow. Pulmonary veins were initially evaluated and re-isolated as needed. Atrial rhythms present or induced after PVI were mapped. Identified non-PV targets were ablated, with re-mapping encouraged until no additional targets could be identified. The right atrium was mapped when left atrial ablation was not felt to be sufficient to treat the recurrent AF. Pulmonary vein isolation was confirmed following non-PV target ablation. AF, atrial fibrillation; PV, pulmonary vein; PVI, pulmonary vein isolation.