Figure 3.

Biochemical markers of bone resorption (top) and bone formation (bottom) before (baseline), 24 h after (post), and 96 h after (recovery) the field exercise. Women (n = 14) and men supplemented with protein (Men Protein, n = 15) were independently compared with non-supplemented men (Men Controls, n = 15) to examine the effect of sex and protein supplementation. Data were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. ^aP < 0.05 vs. baseline (main effects, Women and Men Controls pooled); ^bP < 0.05 vs. post (main effects, Women and Men Controls pooled); ^cP < 0.05 vs. baseline (main effects, Men Controls and Men Protein pooled); ^dP < 0.05 vs. post (main effects, Men Controls and Men Protein pooled). βCTX, beta C-telopeptide cross-links of type 1 collagen; PINP, procollagen I N-terminal propeptide.