Table 5. Diagnostic performance between schistosomiasis rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy.

	RDTs (trace positive)
	Detected	Not detected	Expected agreement	Observed agreement	Kappa statistic a	p-value
S. mansoni
Microscopy			75.7%	77.1%	0.058	<0.001
Detected	71/1,564	33/5,098
Not detected	1,493/1,564	5,065/5,098
S. haematobium
Microscopy			89.0%	90.5%	0.13	<0.001
Detected	56/665	20/5,918
Not detected	609/665	5,898/5,918
	RDTs (trace negative)
	Detected	Not detected	Expected agreement	Observed agreement	Kappa statistic a	p-value
S. mansoni
Microscopy			90.6%	92.3%	0.18	<0.001
Detected	65/538	39/6,124
Not detected	473/538	6,085/6,124
S. haematobium
Microscopy			94.0%	95.2%	0.19	<0.001
Detected	42/326	34/6,257
Not detected	284/326	6,223/6,257

^aKappa agreement classification: ≤0.20 = poor; 0.21–0.40 = fair; 0.41–0.60 = moderate; 0.61–0.80 = good; 0.81–1.00 = very good. RDTs = rapid diagnostic tests.