Table 2.
Individual Biomarker Model Discrimination
| Direction of Association* | Biomarker | C-index (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Increased risk | sTNFR2 | 0.81 (0.77-0.84) |
| sTNFR1 | 0.80 (0.78-0.84) | |
| YKL-40 | 0.78 (0.74-0.82) | |
| NGAL | 0.77 (0.72-0.81) | |
| ANG2 | 0.73 (0.69-0.79) | |
| KIM-1 | 0.73 (0.69-0.77) | |
| sFLT-1 | 0.69 (0.65-0.74) | |
| IL-18 | 0.68 (0.63-0.73) | |
| TNF-α | 0.67 (0.63-0.71) | |
| IL-10 | 0.63 (0.58-0.68) | |
| IL-2 | 0.63 (0.57-0.68) | |
| Decreased risk | ANG1 | 0.61 (0.56-0.66) |
| VEGFC | 0.56 (0.51-0.62) | |
| VEGFA | 0.55 (0.50-0.62) | |
| IL-13 | 0.52 (0.50-0.58) | |
| Not statistically significant | PIGF | 0.66 (0.60-0.72) |
| IL-6 | 0.64 (0.60-0.69) | |
| IL-8 | 0.63 (0.58-0.67) | |
| MCP-1 | 0.63 (0.59-0.68) | |
| VEGFD | 0.62 (0.56-0.68) | |
| IL-1β | 0.59 (0.53-0.64) | |
| IL-12p70 | 0.56 (0.51-0.61) | |
| IFN-γ | 0.55 (0.50-0.62) | |
| IL-4 | 0.55 (0.51-0.59) | |
| Tie2 | 0.51 (0.50-0.59) | |
| bFGF | 0.51 (0.50-0.57) |
†Taking into account time to event among 576 patients
*Direction of association is based on the HR of the biomarker adjusted for demographics (age, sex, race, diabetes, obesity, hypertension), baseline serum creatinine, and WHO disease severity scale, as presented in Figure 1
ANG1/ANG2 = angiopoietin 1/2; bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; KIM-1 = kidney injury molecule-1; MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; NGAL = neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; PIGF = placental growth factor; sFlt-1 = soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1; sTNFR1/sTNFR2 = soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 or -2; TIE2; YKL-40 = chitinase-like protein-1.