Table 3:
Pairwise comparisons between data recorded at baseline and at 6 months post-SGLT2i onset on an intention-to-treat basis in individuals with pretransplant type 2 DM.
| Characteristics | Baseline | 6 months of SGLT2i | Baseline versus 6 months (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (kg), mean (95% CI) (n = 121) | 81.8 (78.1–85.6) | 79.7 (75.9–83.4) | −2.1 (−2.9 to −1.4)a | <.001d |
| SBP (mmHg), mean (95% CI) (n = 124) | 140 (137–144) | 135 (131–138) | −5.8 (−9.1 to −2.5)a | .001d |
| DPB (mmHg), mean (95% CI) (n = 124) | 75.0 (72.9–77.2) | 72.5 (70.5–74.6) | −2.5 (−4.7 to −0.3)a | .027d |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 123) | 13.2 (12.8–13.6) | 13.5 (13.1–13.9) | 0.32 (0.07–0.59)a | .013d |
| Fasting glycaemia (mg/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 128) | 159 (148–171) | 145 (134–155) | −14.4 (−26.5 to −2.3) a | .020d |
| HbA1c (%), mean (95% CI) (n = 111) | 7.74 (7.48–8.01) | 7.39 (7.12–7.67) | −0.35 (−0.61 to −0.09)a | .010d |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2), mean (95% CI) (n = 128) | 57.3 (54.1–60.5) | 55.4 (52.1–58.7) | −1.93 (−3.62 to −0.25)a | .025 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 120) | 161 (151–170) | 148 (140–155) | −12.8 (−20.5 to −5.1)a | .001d |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 106) | 51.9 (47.8–56.0) | 49.9 (46.0–53.8) | −1.97 (−3.77 to −0.16)a | .033d |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl), median (IQR) (n = 116) | 173 (153–194) | 185 (158–212) | 11.9 (−7.3–31.1)a | .221d |
| Serum uric acid (mg/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 106) | 5.97 (5.61–6.34) | 5.57 (5.21–5.94) | − 0.40 (−0.64 to −0.15)a | .002d |
| Serum magnesium (mg/dl), mean (95% CI) (n = 84) | 1.60 (1.51–1.69) | 1.77 (1.68–1.86) | 0.17 (0.09–0.24)a | <.001d |
| UPCR (mg/g), median (IQR) (n = 92) | 205 (98–470) | 187 (108–336) | −23.0 (−57.5–0.5)b | .060e |
| Baseline UPCR <300 mg/g, median (IQR) (n = 62) | 130 (70–210) | 150 (77–210) | 10.5 (−5.0–28.0)b | .168e |
| Baseline UPCR ≥300 mg/g, median (IQR) (n = 30) | 700 (470–1632) | 470 (285–1116) | −230 (−525 to −114)b | .002e |
| UACR (mg/g), median (IQR) (n = 47) | 90 (28–238) | 45 (14–167) | −34.4 (−53.7 to −18.4)b | <.001e |
| Tacrolimus dose (mg/kg/day), mean (95% CI) (n = 116) | 0.040 (0.036–0.044) | 0.039 (0.035–0.043) | −0.001 (−0.002–0.001)a | .329d |
| FENa (%), median (IQR) (n = 49) | 1.25 (0.90–1.78) | 1.58 (1.18–2.19) | 0.23 (0.07–0.43)b | .010e |
| Glycosuria (mg/dl), median (IQR) (n = 116) | 1.0 (0–300) | 1000 (1000–1000) | 675 (510–750)b | <.001e |
| Tacrolimus level (ng/ml), mean (95% CI) (n = 117) | 7.16 (6.66–7.66) | 7.14 (5.23–8.97) | −0.03 (−1.90–1.85)a | .977d |
| Mycophenolate dose (mg/day), mean (95% CI) (n = 114) | 810 (758–862) | 808 (754–862) | −2.6 (−16.7–11.5)a | .717d |
| Prednisone treatment, n (%) (n = 131) | 63.7 (52.8–74.7) | 61.9 (50.8–72.9) | −1.9 (−6.6–2.9)c | .438d |
| Prednisone dose (mg/day), mean (95% CI) (n = 73) | 4.82 (3.86–5.77) | 4.49 (4.04–4.91) | −0.34 (−1.06–0.38)c | .353d |
| Antidiabetic drugs, n (%) | ||||
| Long-acting insulin (n = 132) | 79.9 (71.0–88.8) | 80.8 (72.1–89.4) | 0.9 (2.9 to −4.7)c | .644d |
| Short-acting insulin (n = 129) | 59.2 (48.2–70.3) | 55.2 (44.2–66.3) | −4.0 (−8.4–0.4)c | .073d |
| Metformin (n = 131) | 31.9 (21.8–41.9) | 34.2 (23.9–44.6) | 2.4 (−3.5–8.2)c | .426d |
| DPP-4i (n = 130) | 30.1 (19.7–40.6) | 29.2 (19.0–39.4) | −0.9 (−7.7–5.8)c | .783d |
| GLP-1 RA (n = 130) | 15.7 (7.2–24.1) | 18.2 (9.4–27.0) | 2.6 (−3.0–8.1)c | .368d |
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | .374d | |||
| ACEIs (n = 128) | 21.9 (12.6–31.3) | 21.9 (12.6–31.2) | 0.01 (−2.9– 2.9)c | .995d |
| ARBs (n = 128) | 34.5 (23.3–45.6) | 37.6 (26.3–48.9) | 3.1 (−1.4–17.2)c | .172d |
| MBRs (n = 127) | 7.9 (1.0–14.9) | 9.6 (2.6–16.6) | 1.7 (−2.4–5.8)c | .412d |
| Diuretics (n = 128) | 29.9 (19.9–39.8) | 27.2 (17.4–37.0) | −2.7 (−8.4–3.1)c | .359d |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FENa, fractional excretion of sodium; DPP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor; GLP-1 RA, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist; ACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers; MRBs, mineralocorticoid receptor blockers.
a
Difference between means (95% CI) adjusted by age and sex.
b
Unadjusted difference between medians (95% CI).
c
Difference between percentages (95% CI) adjusted by age and sex.
d
P-values were adjusted for sex and age (except eGFR).
e
For non-parametric data, P-values were calculated using the Wilcoxon test.