Table 7.

Results of the binary logistic regression analysis for CDI risk factor identification in CDI cases and randomly assigned non-CDI comparison group

Independent variable	Odds ratio (95% CI)	p-value
Patient characteristics
50–59 years (ref: < 50 years)	2.1 (1.9–2.3)	< 0.001
60–64 years (ref: < 50 years)	3.3 (3.0–3.7)	< 0.001
65–69 years (ref: < 50 years)	4.9 (4.4–5.5)	< 0.001
70–74 years (ref: < 50 years)	7.7 (6.9–8.5)	< 0.001
75–79 years (ref: < 50 years)	12.6 (11.5–13.9)	< 0.001
80–84 years (ref: < 50 years)	23.7 (21.5–26.2)	< 0.001
≥ 85 years (ref: < 50 years)	40.9 (37.1–45.2)	< 0.001
Female (ref: male)	0.9 (0.8–0.9)	< 0.001
Predefined risk factors
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease	4.7 (4.0–5.5)	< 0.001
Chronic kidney disease	2.9 (2.6–3.3)	< 0.001
Heart failure	2.3 (2.0–2.5)	< 0.001
Other disorders of urinary system	2.3 (2.0–2.6)	< 0.001
Immunosuppressants	1.8 (1.7–1.9)	< 0.001
Atrial fibrillation and flutter	1.8 (1.6–2.0)	< 0.001
Personal history of medical treatment	1.7 (1.5–1.9)	< 0.001
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	1.6 (1.5–1.7)	< 0.001
Chronic ischemic heart disease	1.5 (1.4–1.6)	< 0.001
Essential (primary) hypertension	1.3 (1.3–1.4)	< 0.001
Diverticulosis of the intestine	1.3 (1.2–1.4)	< 0.001
Irritable bowel syndrome	1.3 (1.1–1.5)	0.007
Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidemias	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.706
Gastroesophageal reflux disease	0.9 (0.9–1.0)	0.053
Dorsalgia	0.8 (0.8–0.9)	< 0.001
Exploratory risk factors
Chemotherapy	4.7 (4.1–5.2)	< 0.001
Ciprofloxacin	2.6 (2.4–2.8)	< 0.001
PPI/H2 antagonists	2.4 (2.3–2.6)	< 0.001
Cefuroxime	2.4 (2.2–2.7)	< 0.001
Radiation therapy	1.7 (1.4–2.0)	< 0.001

CDI Clostridioides difficile infection; CI confidence interval; H2 histamine₂-receptor; PPI proton pump inhibitor. Data for predefined and exploratory risk factors are presented in descending order