. 2023 Jan 5;30(6):1770–1781. doi: 10.1007/s43032-022-01152-1

Table 4.

Summary of rats’ ADMSCs research

Author Year Reference	Model	Source and dose	Route and timing	Main findings
Cakici, Buyrukcu[67]	Male Wistar rats (Busulfan-induced testis)	ADMSCs	Intra-testicular After induction of infertility	- The spermatogenesis process was stopped after treatment with Busulfan - Following the Busulfan treatment, samples without ADMSCs, scanning of sections revealed atrophy, complete and incomplete spermatocytic arrest, and a Sertoli cell–only appearance - In portions of stem cell–treated tissues, however, the tubules looked to be filled with spermatogenetic cells, but at a low rate. The presence of spermatozoa was discovered
Atalla, Saleh [71]	Male albino rats (Calcium chloride–induced testis)	ADMSCs Dose (10⁶ cells)	Intra-testicular After 1 week from cacl2 injection	- The remaining indigenous spermatogenic stem cells in the testis respond to ADMSCs as a stimulatory agent - OCT4, SOX2, Rex1, and FoxD3 are pluripotent markers that affect spermatogenesis were expressed by adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) - ADMSCs may secrete significant quantities of vascular endothelial cell growth factor, which inhibits apoptosis, insulin-like growth factor-1, which promotes stem cell proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor, which inhibits apoptosis These released cytokines may stimulate the expression of mRNA and proteins in the testes, allowing them to heal
Meligy, Abo Elgheed [1]	Adult male albino rats (Cisplatin-induced testicular damage)	ADMSCs Dose (1 × 10⁶)	Intra-testicular 5 days after induction	- Cisplatin-treated testis showed a significant change in structure, with the seminiferous tubules becoming twisted and the germinal epithelium’s thickness decreasing up to being depleted. Germinal epithelium depletion, with the exception of germ cells in the basal compartment, was attributed to germ cell sloughing and basal compartment capacity decrease - MSCs successfully restored testicular tissue and function - The testicular structure of the stem cell–treated group was significantly improved when compared to Cisplatin-treated groups, according to light and electron microscopic results from this study. In addition, the hormonal tests revealed that testosterone levels had returned to normal

Author
Year
Reference

Model

Source and dose

Route and timing

Main findings

Cakici, Buyrukcu[67]

Male Wistar rats

(Busulfan-induced testis)

ADMSCs

Intra-testicular

After induction of infertility

- The spermatogenesis process was stopped after treatment with Busulfan

- Following the Busulfan treatment, samples without ADMSCs, scanning of sections revealed atrophy, complete and incomplete spermatocytic arrest, and a Sertoli cell–only appearance

- In portions of stem cell–treated tissues, however, the tubules looked to be filled with spermatogenetic cells, but at a low rate. The presence of spermatozoa was discovered

Atalla, Saleh [71]

Male albino rats

(Calcium chloride–induced testis)

ADMSCs

Dose

(10⁶ cells)

Intra-testicular

After 1 week from cacl2 injection

- The remaining indigenous spermatogenic stem cells in the testis respond to ADMSCs as a stimulatory agent

- OCT4, SOX2, Rex1, and FoxD3 are pluripotent markers that affect spermatogenesis were expressed by adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs)

- ADMSCs may secrete significant quantities of vascular endothelial cell growth factor, which inhibits apoptosis, insulin-like growth factor-1, which promotes stem cell proliferation and hepatocyte growth factor, which inhibits apoptosis These released cytokines may stimulate the expression of mRNA and proteins in the testes, allowing them to heal

Meligy, Abo Elgheed [1]

Adult male albino rats

(Cisplatin-induced testicular damage)

ADMSCs

Dose

(1 × 10⁶)

Intra-testicular

5 days after induction

- Cisplatin-treated testis showed a significant change in structure, with the seminiferous tubules becoming twisted and the germinal epithelium’s thickness decreasing up to being depleted. Germinal epithelium depletion, with the exception of germ cells in the basal compartment, was attributed to germ cell sloughing and basal compartment capacity decrease

- MSCs successfully restored testicular tissue and function

- The testicular structure of the stem cell–treated group was significantly improved when compared to Cisplatin-treated groups, according to light and electron microscopic results from this study. In addition, the hormonal tests revealed that testosterone levels had returned to normal