Table 3.
Antifungal activity of an 8-day-old endophytic CEL3 against selected fungal pathogens.
| Fungal pathogens | Inhibition (%) after 120 h of treatment | IC50 of artificial atmosphere after 120 h of treatment (µl 50 ml−1) | IC50 as µl ml−1 of air space needed for 50% inhibition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rhizoctonia solani | 51.5 ± 2a | 18.9 ± 1a1 | 0.378 |
| Alternaria alternata | No inhibition | 65.7 ± 2.4b1 | 1.314 |
| Fusarium oxysporum | 12.2 ± 1.5b | 34.8 ± 1.2c1 | 0.696 |
| Geotrichum candidum | 40.4 ± 2.8c | 27.6 ± 0.8d1 | 0.552 |
| Botrytis cinerea | 55.8 ± 1.6a | 17.0 ± 0.3a1 | 0.34 |
| Cercospora beticola | 42.6 ± 2.4c | 24.5 ± 0.4d1 | 0.49 |
| Aspergillus fumigatus | No inhibition | No inhibition | – |
| Ceratocystis ulmi | 35.5 ± 1.6d | 31.6 ± 1.8c1 | 0.632 |
| Pythium ultimum | 61.9 ± 2.8e | 14.7 ± 1.5a1 | 0.294 |
| Monilinia fructicola | 78.5 ± 4.2f | 09.8 ± 0.8e1 | 0.18 |
The values on the tables are the means ± standard error (SE) of three replicates. A one-way ANOVA (Tukey’s Multiple Comparison tests) was performed to check the potential statistical differences (P <0.05) between the antifungal activity of the VOCs of endophytes against different pathogens (a–f). Also, the IC50 values of the artificial atmosphere were checked through the same technique (a1–e1). Similar letters indicate no statistical difference between the data set, and a different letter indicates a valid statistical difference between the data sets.