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. 2023 May 17;14:1148209. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148209

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Copyright © 2023 Mehdi, Pusapati, Anwar, Lohana, Kumar, Nandula, Nawaz, Tracey, Yang, LeRoith, Brownstein and Roth

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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GLP-1 synthesis: In the intestine — The proglucagon precursor gives rise to oxyntomodulin, GLP1 (and its two equipotent, truncated derivatives) and GLP-2. Like the GLPs, the intervening peptides (IP-1 and IP-2) may also have physiological functions (12, 13). In the pancreas, the proglucagon precursor yields glucagon and the glicentin-related pancreatic peptide (GRPP) (12–16) Figure modified from article 12. Figure from Open access (Molecular Metabolism) permissible to re-use under a CC-BY 4.0 license.