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. 2023 May 17;14:1148209. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148209

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Copyright © 2023 Mehdi, Pusapati, Anwar, Lohana, Kumar, Nandula, Nawaz, Tracey, Yang, LeRoith, Brownstein and Roth

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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tMCAO, Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (132): 1-The level of COX-2 was significantly increased at 48 h after tMCAO. Treatment with ex-4 restored COX-2 to the basal level after tMCAO in the rat brain. Ex9-39 treatment increased COX-2 levels as much as vehicle Group.(***p<0.001, compared to sham operated group, ###p<0.001, compared to chemical group) 2-The level of PGE2, which is product of COX-2 activity, was increased by 1 h tMCAO, but this level was attenuated by ex-4 (n =5, **p<0.01, compared to the sham-operated group. (1) Data represent the mean ± SEM. ***p<0.001, ^###p<0.001, (2) Data represent the mean ± SEM. **p<0.01. Figure modified from Open access (Experimental Neurobiology) permissible to re-use under a CC-BY 4.0 license).