. 2023 May 31;20(1):31–42. doi: 10.1007/s10393-023-01636-9

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of participants.

	Total (n = 708)	Hpa-an site (n = 306)	Hmawbi site (n = 402)
Gender^#
Female Male	354 (50%)	167 (54.6%)	187 (46.5%)
354 (50%)	139 (45.4%)	215 (53.5%)
Age group (in years)^{^}
< 10 10–19 20–39 40–59 60–79	34 (4.8%) 45 (6.4%) 255 (36.0%) 317 (44.8%) 57 (8.1%)	13 (4.3%) 15 (4.9%) 79 (25.8%) 166 (54.3%) 33 (10.8%)	21 (5.2%) 30 (7.5%) 176 (43.8%) 151 (37.6%) 24 (6%)
Education
None Primary school Secondary school College/university/professional	75 (10.6%) 350 (49.4%) 257 (36.3%) 26 (3.7%)	57 (18.6%) 159 (52%) 82 (26.8%) 8 (2.6%)	18 (4.5%) 191 (47.5%) 175 (43.5%) 18 (4.5%)
Primary livelihood
(i) Non-animal business, construction worker, migrant laborer (ii) Crop production (iii) Child/student (iv) Homemaker/unemployed (v) Nurse, doctor, traditional healer, community clinic workers (vi) Animal production business (Rancher/farmer animal production business, meat processing/slaughter house/abattoir)	58 (8.2%) 188 (26.6%) 37 (5.2%) 86 (12.1%) 3 (<1%) 252 (35.6%)	37 (12.1%) 80 (26.1%) 12 (3.9%) 53 (17.3%) 1 (<1%) 87 (28.4%)	21 (5.2%) 108 (26.6%) 25 (6.2%) 33 (8.2%) 2 (0.5%) 165 (41%)
(vii) Animal-related livelihood (wild/exotic animal trade/market business, bat guano harvester, hunter/trapper/fisher, livestock/domestic animal/product trade, zoo/sanctuary animal health care, animal health provider/veterinarian)	63 (8.9%)	16 (2%)	47 (11.7%)
(viii) forager/gatherer/non-timber forest product collector/protected area worker	21 (3%)	20 (6.5%)	1 (0.3%)
Primary livelihood
Crop production Animal production Other animal-involved occupation Other non-animal-related occupation	188 (26.5%) 252 (35.6%) 84 (11.9%) 184 (26%)	80 (26.1%) 87 (28.4%) 36 (11.8%) 103 (33.7%)	108 (26.9%) 165 (41%) 48 (12%) 81 (20.1%)
Length of time living at the location
<1 year 1–5 years 5–10 years >10 years	52 (7.3%) 113 (16.0%) 66 (9.3%) 477 (67.4%)	17 (5.6%) 37 (12.1%) 10 (3.3%) 242 (79.1%)	35 (8.7%) 76 (18.9%) 56 (13.9%) 235 (58.5%)
No. of people living in the same dwelling
None 1–4 5–9 10 and above	1 (< 1%) 352 (49.7%) 328 (46.3%) 27 (3.8%)	0 (0%) 121 (39.5%) 169 (55.2%) 16 (5.3)	1 (0.2%) 231 (57.5%) 159 (39.6%) 11 (2.7%)
Water is treated
Yes No	661 (93.4%) 47 (6.6%)	287 (93.8%) 19 (6.2%)	374 (93.0%) 28 (7%)
Dedicated location for human waste
Yes No	677 (95.6%) 31 (4.4%)	283 (92.5%) 23 (7.5%)	394 (98%) 8 (2%)
Containers for food storage in household
Yes, with covers Yes, without covers No	643 (91.0%) 26 (3.7%) 39 (5.5%)	246 (80.4%) 23 (7.5%) 37 (12.1%)	397 (98.8%) 3 (0.7%) 2 (0.5%)
Self-reported unusual symptoms in the past year*
Yes No	474 (67%) 234 (33%)	141 (46.1%) 165 (53.9%)	333 (82.8%) 69 (17.2%)
Contact with any type of animals in the past year
Yes No	698 (98.6%) 10 (1.4%)	297 (97.1%) 9 (2.9%)	401 (99.8%) 1 (0.2%)

Total (n = 708)

Hpa-an site (n = 306)

Hmawbi site (n = 402)

Gender^#

Female

Male

354 (50%)

167 (54.6%)

187 (46.5%)

354 (50%)

139 (45.4%)

215 (53.5%)

Age group (in years)^{^}

< 10

10–19

20–39

40–59

60–79

34 (4.8%)

45 (6.4%)

255 (36.0%)

317 (44.8%)

57 (8.1%)

13 (4.3%)

15 (4.9%)

79 (25.8%)

166 (54.3%)

33 (10.8%)

21 (5.2%)

30 (7.5%)

176 (43.8%)

151 (37.6%)

24 (6%)

Education

None

Primary school

Secondary school

College/university/professional

75 (10.6%)

350 (49.4%)

257 (36.3%)

26 (3.7%)

57 (18.6%)

159 (52%)

82 (26.8%)

8 (2.6%)

18 (4.5%)

191 (47.5%)

175 (43.5%)

18 (4.5%)

Primary livelihood

(i) Non-animal business, construction worker, migrant laborer

(ii) Crop production

(iii) Child/student

(iv) Homemaker/unemployed

(v) Nurse, doctor, traditional healer, community clinic workers

(vi) Animal production business (Rancher/farmer animal production business, meat processing/slaughter house/abattoir)

58 (8.2%)

188 (26.6%)

37 (5.2%)

86 (12.1%)

3 (<1%)

252 (35.6%)

37 (12.1%)

80 (26.1%)

12 (3.9%)

53 (17.3%)

1 (<1%)

87 (28.4%)

21 (5.2%)

108

(26.6%)

25 (6.2%)

33 (8.2%)

2 (0.5%)

165 (41%)

(vii) Animal-related livelihood (wild/exotic animal trade/market business, bat guano harvester, hunter/trapper/fisher, livestock/domestic animal/product trade, zoo/sanctuary animal health care, animal health provider/veterinarian)

63 (8.9%)

16 (2%)

47 (11.7%)

(viii) forager/gatherer/non-timber forest product collector/protected area worker

21 (3%)

20 (6.5%)

1 (0.3%)

Primary livelihood

Crop production

Animal production

Other animal-involved occupation

Other non-animal-related occupation

188 (26.5%)

252 (35.6%)

84 (11.9%)

184 (26%)

80 (26.1%)

87 (28.4%)

36 (11.8%)

103 (33.7%)

108 (26.9%)

165 (41%)

48 (12%)

81 (20.1%)

Length of time living at the location

<1 year

1–5 years

5–10 years

>10 years

52 (7.3%)

113 (16.0%)

66 (9.3%)

477 (67.4%)

17 (5.6%)

37 (12.1%)

10 (3.3%)

242 (79.1%)

35 (8.7%)

76 (18.9%)

56 (13.9%)

235 (58.5%)

No. of people living in the same dwelling

None

1–4

5–9

10 and above

1 (< 1%)

352 (49.7%)

328 (46.3%)

27 (3.8%)

0 (0%)

121 (39.5%)

169 (55.2%)

16 (5.3)

1 (0.2%)

231 (57.5%)

159 (39.6%)

11 (2.7%)

Water is treated

Yes

661 (93.4%)

47 (6.6%)

287 (93.8%)

19 (6.2%)

374 (93.0%)

28 (7%)

Dedicated location for human waste

Yes

677 (95.6%)

31 (4.4%)

283 (92.5%)

23 (7.5%)

394 (98%)

8 (2%)

Containers for food storage in household

Yes, with covers

Yes, without covers

643 (91.0%)

26 (3.7%)

39 (5.5%)

246 (80.4%)

23 (7.5%)

37 (12.1%)

397 (98.8%)

3 (0.7%)

2 (0.5%)

Self-reported unusual symptoms in the past year*

Yes

474 (67%)

234 (33%)

141 (46.1%)

165 (53.9%)

333 (82.8%)

69 (17.2%)

Contact with any type of animals in the past year

Yes

698 (98.6%)

10 (1.4%)

297 (97.1%)

9 (2.9%)

401 (99.8%)

1 (0.2%)

^#Observed.

^{^}Self-reported.

*Unusual symptoms mean any illness or sickness that is not known or recognized in the community or diagnosed by medical providers.