Table 1. Characteristics of Participants (N = 146).
| Characteristic | Baseline | At 6 mo | F or χ2 valuea | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 46.1 (5.7) | NA | NA | NA |
| Sex, women, No. (%) | 124 (84.9) | NA | NA | NA |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 122.2 (16.0) | 89.0 (12.9) | 2864.65b | <.001b |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 41.2 (36.7-44.0) | 30.0 (27.9-32.8) | 3095.64b | <.001b |
| TBWL, mean (SD), % | NA | 27.2 (4.9) | NA | NA |
| WC, median (IQR), cmc | 123 (116-134.8) | 98 (91.5-111) | 839.69b | <.001b |
| Educational level, No. (%)d | ||||
| Low | 14 (9.6) | NA | NA | NA |
| Middle | 79 (54.1) | NA | NA | NA |
| High | 53 (36.3) | NA | NA | NA |
| Use of medication, No. (%) | ||||
| Oral antidiabetics | 14 (9.6) | 8 (5.5) | 79.80b | <.001b |
| Insulin therapy | 8 (5.5) | 3 (2.1) | 52.84b | <.001b |
| Blood pressure–lowering agents | 52 (35.6) | 33 (22.6) | 69.99b | <.001b |
| Lipid-lowering agents | 20 (13.7) | 13 (8.9) | 89.25b | <.001b |
| Antidepressants | 16 (11.0) | 11 (7.5) | 96.66b | <.001b |
| Blood pressure, median (IQR), mm Hge | ||||
| Systolic | 136.5 (125-147) | 125.0 (114-136) | 43.80b | <.001b |
| Diastolic | 84.0 (80-91) | 80.0 (73-85) | 24.00b | <.001b |
| MoCA score, median (IQR) | 27 (24-27) | 27 (25-28) | 1.83 | .18 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NA, not applicable; TBWL, total body weight loss; WC, waist circumference.
a
Repeated-measures analyses of variance or χ2 tests were conducted to examine changes in characteristics over time.
b
Significant change over time.
c
Complete data on both time points were available for 108 participants.
d
A Verhage score of 4 or less is defined as low educational level, a Verhage score of 5 as a middle educational level, and a Verhage score of 6 or 7 as a high educational level.31
e
Complete data on both time points were available for 115 participants.