Table 2.
Results of intratumoral iodine-125 seed brachytherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
| Reference | n | Metastasis | Tumour dose (Gy), median* (range) | Combination therapy | Overall complications, n | Complications ≥grade III | Median* OS (months); OS initiation | NOS 1–9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative | ||||||||
| Dobelbower et al., 198640 | 12 | 2 (17) | 140 (120–210) | CRT 6 (50) | 5 | NR | 15; D | 8 |
| Goertz et al., 199027 | 11 | 2 (18) | 160 | RT 11 (100) | 11 | 1 (9) | 8 | 7 |
| Li et al., 202028 | 50 | 0 (0) | (110–160) | CHT 26 (52) | 4 | NR | 12 | 9 |
| Li et al., 201630 | 137 | NR | NR | CHT 137 (100.0) | 21 | 0 (0.0) | 9.4; T | 9 |
| Montemaggi et al., 199144 | 7 | 0 (0) | 82 (60–100) | RT 4 (57) | NR | 3 (43) | 7; T | 5 |
| Morrow et al., 198434 | 33 | 9 (27) | NR | NR | NR | 8 (24) | 8; T | 4 |
| Peretz et al., 198935 | 98 | 0 (0) | 136 | CHT 27 (28), RT 27 (28) | 9 | NR | 7 | 4 |
| Schuricht et al., 199136 | 42 | 0 (0) | (120–150) | CRT 42 (100) | 24 | NR | 12.8 | 8 |
| Shipley et al., 198046 | 12 | 6 (50) | 160 | RT 12 (100) | 5 | NR | 11 | 6 |
| Syed et al., 198348 | 18 | 1 (6) | (100–150) | RT 18 (100) | NR | 4 (22) | 14 | 7 |
| Wang et al., 201350 | 28 | 0 (0) | 120 | CHT 10 (36), RT 7 (25) | NR | NR | 10.1 | 4 |
| Wang et al., 201151 | 27 | 15 (56) | (110–160) | CRT 6 (22), RT 1 (4) | NR | NR | 8 | 4 |
| Whittington et al., 198438 | 33 | 0 (0) | 120 | CRT 20 (61), RT 13 (39) | 37 | NR | 9; D | 8 |
| Zheng et al., 201754 | 34 | 0 (0) | NR | CHT 8 (24) | 6 | NR | 11; T | 7 |
| Total intraoperative | 542 | 70 of 405 (17.3) | NA | CHT 208 (40.8), CRT 74 (14.5), RT 93 (18.3) | 122 of 429 | 16 of 206 (7.8) | NA | NA |
| Percutaneous | ||||||||
| Chen et al., 202125 | 22 | 4 (18) | 130 | CHT 22 (100) | 22 | NR | 11.7; T | 9 |
| Chi et al., 202126 | 21 | 0 (0) | 130 | CHT 21 (100) | 24 | 0 (0) | 13.2; T | 4 |
| Joyce et al., 199043 | 19 | NR | 160 | RT 12 (63) | 22 | NR | 8.1; T | 8 |
| Liu et al., 201431 | 30 | 0 (0) | NR | NR | 6 | NR | 16 | 8 |
| Lun et al., 201556 | 38 | NR | NR | CHT 38 (100) | NR | NR | 11.8 | 4† |
| Luo et al., 201932 | 35 | NR | NR | CHT 35 (100) | NR | NR | 9.5 | 7 |
| Niu et al., 201645 | 60 | 0 (0) | 115 (110–130) | NR | NR | 0 (0) | 10.4 | 6 |
| Wang et al., 202149 | 28 | NR | NR | NR | 2 | 0 (0) | 11.6 | 5 |
| Wang et al., 201752 | 32 | 25 (78) | 120 | CHT 16 (50) | NR | 0 (0) | 14 | 6 |
| Yang et al., 201653 | 18 | 0 (0) | 167 (164–170) | CHT 18 (100), RT 1 (6) | 10 | 3 (17) | 7.3; T | 5 |
| Zhongmin et al., 201055 | 31 | 12 (39) | 52 | CHT 10 (32) | NR | NR | 10.3; T | 7 |
| Zhou et al., 202139 | 67 | 0 (0) | NR | CHT 6 (9) | 20 | 0 (0) | 11; T | 8 |
| Total percutaneous | 401 | 41 of 281 (14.6) | NA | CHT 166 (58.7), RT 13 (4.6) | 106 of 205 | 3 of 226 (1.3) | NA | NA |
| EUS | ||||||||
| Du et al., 201341 | 100 | 40 (40.0) | 140 (120–210) | CHT 100 (100.0) | 52 | 0 (0.0) | 7; T | 8 |
| Jin et al., 200842 | 22 | 8 (36) | NR | CHT 22 (100) | 13 | NR | 9 | 6 |
| Sun et al., 200647 | 15 | 7 (47) | 140 | RT 1 (7) | 31 | 4 (27) | 10.6; T | 8 |
| Sun et al., 201737 | 42 | 24 (57) | 95 | CHT 42 (100) | NR | 0 (0) | 9; T | 2 |
| Total EUS | 179 | 79 of 179 (44.1) | NA | CHT 164 (91.6), RT 1 (0.6) | 96 of 137 | 4 of 157 (2.5) | NA | NA |
| Other | ||||||||
| Li et al., 202029 | 50 | 22 (44) | NR | CRT 6 (12) | 17 | 0 (0) | 8.8 | 8 |
| Mohiuddin et al., 199433 | 111 | 0 (0.0) | NR | CRT 81 (73.0), RT 30 (27.0) | NR | NR | 11.4 | 3 |
| Total (intraoperative, percutaneous, EUS, and other) | 1283 | 212 of 1026 (20.7) | NA | CHT 538 (47.5), CRT 161 (14.2), RT 137 (12.1) | 324 of 771 | 37 out of 600 (6.2) | NA | NA |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise stated. *If the median was unavailable the mean is presented. †RCT. OS, overall survival; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa scale; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; NR, not reported; D, diagnosis; RT, radiotherapy; CHT, chemotherapy; T, treatment; NA, not applicable; EUS, endoscopic ultrasonography.