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. 2023 May 29;13(5):e071912. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071912

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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Study flowchart. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; POD, postoperative delirium; 3D-CAM: 3-min Diagnostic Interview for the Confusion Assessment Method.