Table 3. Plant organ, identification methods, and flavonoids present in Moringa oleifera.

Compound	Plant organ	Identification method	References
1) Quercetin	Seed, leaves	HPLC, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, NMR, ESIMS, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD, LC-MS	[ 81, 82, 84, 114- 118]
2) Epicatechin	Seed, leaves	HPLC, LC-MS	[ 82, 114]
3) Catechin	Seed, Leaves	HPLC	[ 85, 114]
4) Isoquercetin	Leaves	HPLC	[ 119]
5) Kaempferol acetyl dihexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
6) Quercetin acetyl dihexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
7) Quercetin hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
8) Quercetin hydroxy-methylglutaroyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS	[ 116, 120]
9) Quercetin acetyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
10) Kaempferol hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
11) Isorhamnetin hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
12) Quercetin malonyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
13) Kaempferol hydroxy-methylglutaroyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
14) Kaempferol acetyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
15) Kaempferol malonyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
16) Isorhamnetin hydroxy-methylglutaroyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
17) Isorhamnetin acetyl hexose	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS	[ 120]
18) Luteolin-6-C-glucoside	Seed	LC-MS	[ 121]
19) Hesperidin	Seed	LC-MS	[ 121]
20) Kaempferol	Leaves	UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, NMR, ESIMS, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD, LC-MS	[ 81, 82, 84, 115- 118]
21) Myricetin	Leaves	HPLC	[ 115]
22) Rutin	Leaves	HPLC-ESI-MS, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, LC-MS, HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS	[ 81- 85, 122, 123]
23) Vitexin	Leaves	UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS	[ 116, 123]
24) Astragalin	Leaves	UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS	[ 116, 123]
25) Quercetin-3-glucoside	Leaves	HPLC-ESI-MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 83, 122]
26) Kaempferol-3- O-glucoside	Leaves	HPLC-ESI-MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 83, 122]
27) Quercetin-3-acetyl-glucoside	Leaves	HPLC-ESI-MS, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 83, 116, 122]
28) Quercetin 3- β-D-glucoside	Leaves	UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS	[ 116]
29) Isovitexin	Leaves	UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS	[ 116]
30) Kaempferol-3- O-rutinoside	Leaves	HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 81, 84]
31) Quercetin 3- O-galactoside	Leaves	HPLC-DAD	[ 118]
32) Quercetin 3- O-rhamnoside	Leaves	HPLC-DAD	[ 118]
33) Kaempferol 3- O-galactoside	Leaves	HPLC-DAD	[ 118]
34) Kaempferol 3- O-glucoside	Leaves	HPLC-DAD	[ 118]
35) Hyperoside	Leaves	HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 81, 84]
36) (−)-Epigallocatechin	Leaves	HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS	[ 81]
37) Vicenin-2	Leaves	UHPLC-qTOF-MS, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS	[ 81, 120]
38) Orientin	Leaves	HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS	[ 81]
39) Apigenin	Leaves	HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, LC-MS, HPLC-DAD	[ 81, 82, 84]
40) Quercitrin	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
41) Naringin	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
42) Naringenin	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
43) Luteolin	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
44) Cirsilineol	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
45) Acacetin	Leaves	LC-MS	[ 82]
46) Isoquercitrin	Leaves	HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS	[ 123]

ESIMS: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; HPLC: High performance liquid chromatography; HPLC-DAD: High performance liquid chromatography - diode array detector; HPLC-ESI-MS: High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry; HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS: High performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry; LC-MS: Liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; UHPLC-qTOF-MS: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry; UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS: Ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography accurate mass quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization; UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS: Ultra--high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field Orbitrap mass spectrometry.