Table 2.
Comparison Between WHO 2015 and Alternative Clinical Case Definitions for RSV-LRTI and Severe RSV-LRTI, All Suspected LRTI Episodes (N = 1652) Occurring in 2401 Children Followed Up for 2 Years From Birth
| WHO 2015 RSV-LRTI | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Noncase | κ (95% CI) | |
| Protocol definition (current study) | |||
| Case | 227 | 0 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) |
| Noncase | 0 | 1425 | |
| Nokes et al. 2008 definition | |||
| Case | 217 | 9 | 0.95 (0.93–0.97) |
| Noncase | 10 | 1416 | |
| Exploratory definition | |||
| Case | 227 | 9 | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) |
| Noncase | 0 | 1416 | |
| WHO 2015 severe RSV-LRTI | |||
| Case | Noncase | κ (95% CI) | |
| Protocol definition (current study) | |||
| Case | 68 | 77 | 0.60 (0.52–0.68) |
| Noncase | 5 | 1502 | |
| Nokes et al. (2008) definition | |||
| Case | 58 | 9 | 0.82 (0.75–0.89) |
| Noncase | 15 | 1570 | |
| Exploratory definition | |||
| Case | 23 | 0 | 0.47 (0.34–0.59) |
| Noncase | 50 | 1579 | |
Abbreviations: case/noncase, any suspected LRTI episode meeting all criteria for a given case definition/all other suspected LRTI episodes; CI, confidence interval; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; WHO, World Health Organization; κ, Cohen’s kappa coefficient.
Notes:Around 85% of first episodes of WHO 2015 RSV-LRTI and severe RSV-LRTI occurred in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) (174 in LMICs and 32 in high-income countries [HICs] for WHO 2015 RSV-LRTI, and 58 in LMICs and 11 in HICs for WHO 2015 severe RSV-LRTI).