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. 2023 Feb 24;192(2):967–981. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiad117

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Conformation of GS10 by the transgenic test. A) Schematic representation of gene structure and allelic variation of the GS10, the numbers below the gene bar indicate the number of polymorphic nucleotide(s) located in the coding region. The nucleotides of the causative mutation are in red. CDS, coding region sequence. B) Transgenic validation of GS10. Two complementary transgenic lines, CP-1 (pGLA4::gGS10GLA4) and CP-2 (pW1943::gGS10GLA4) were constructed, expressing the GS10 gDNAGLA4 fused with a native promoter from GLA4 and W1943 based on the background of NIL-gs10; the overexpressing lines (OX, Ubi::GS10GLA4) and knock-out lines GS10-CR based on the GLA4 background. C) Schematic representation of CRISPR/Cas9-edited sequence in GS10-CR alleles. The GS10-CR mutant has a 289-bp deletion (the resulting knock-out region is in red) in the coding region. Confirmation by using the near-isogenic line. Morphology of grain shape D), panicle E) of GLA4, the near-isogenic line NIL-gs10, and different transgenic lines (CP-1, GS10-CR, GS10-OX, and CP-2) during maturation from the field. Scale bars, 1 cm (D, for all panels), 5 cm (E). Comparison of grain length F), GW G), grain weight H), and panicle length I) between different lines (GLA4, NIL-gs10, CP-1, GS10-CR, GS10-OX, and CP-2), n = 6. J) Phylogenetic analysis of putative ARM proteins in representative species. OsPUB15, spl11, and TUD1 are all characterized genes. Scale bar, 0.1. K) Plant morphology phenotype between CR-GSL1 and CR-GS10-GSL1. Scale bars, 10 cm. L) Grain shape between ZH11, CR-GSL1, and CR-GS10-GSL1. Scale bar, 5 mm (for all panels). M, N) Statistics of GW and grain length/GW between ZH11, CR-GS10, CR-GSL1, and CR-GS10-GSL1, n = 6. Values are given as the mean ± Sd. As determined by Duncan's multiple-range test, lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).