. 2023 May 17;11:1147862. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147862

Table 5.

Invariance of the simplified version of the Chinese resident health literacy scale across groups of gender, age, cognitive status, and educational levels in Sample B.

Groups	Invariance levels	χ²	df	p-value	Δχ²	Δdf	p (Δχ²)	CFI	ΔCFI	TLI	ΔTLI	GFI	ΔGFI	RMSEA	ΔRMSEA
Gender
	Male	1759.06	319	<0.001				0.813		0.794		0.902		0.056
	Female	1719.63	319	<0.001				0.831		0.814		0.903		0.055
	Configural	3478.70	638	<0.001				0.822		0.805		0.902		0.039
	Metric	3505.46	662	<0.001	26.76	24	0.316	0.822	0.000	0.811	0.006	0.902	0.000	0.038	0.001
	Strong	3508.39	668	<0.001	2.93	6	0.818	0.822	0.000	0.813	0.002	0.902	0.000	0.038	0.000
	Strict	3539.81	697	<0.001	31.42	29	0.346	0.822	0.000	0.821	0.008	0.901	0.001	0.037	0.001
Age
	60–69	1709.95	319	<0.001				0.824		0.806		0.902		0.055
	≥70 or over	1719.84	319	<0.001				0.827		0.809		0.904		0.055
	Configural	3429.78	638	<0.001				0.825		0.808		0.903		0.039
	Metric	3452.84	662	<0.001	23.06	24	0.516	0.825	0.000	0.815	0.007	0.903	0.000	0.038	0.001
	Strong	3464.03	668	<0.001	11.19	6	0.083	0.825	0.000	0.816	0.001	0.903	0.000	0.038	0.000
	Strict	3508.25	697	<0.001	44.22	29	0.035	0.824	0.001	0.823	0.007	0.902	0.001	0.037	0.001
Cognitive status
	Normal	2292.98	319	<0.001				0.810		0.791		0.905		0.056
	Impairment	1285.07	319	<0.001				0.816		0.798		0.892		0.056
	Configural	3578.11	638	<0.001				0.812		0.793		0.901		0.040
	Metric	3631.58	662	<0.001	53.47	24	0.001	0.810	0.002	0.799	0.006	0.900	0.001	0.039	0.001
	Strong	3647.84	668	<0.001	16.26	6	0.012	0.810	0.000	0.800	0.001	0.899	0.001	0.039	0.000
	Strict	3884.22	697	<0.001	236.38	29	0.000	0.796	0.004	0.795	0.005	0.893	0.006	0.040	0.001
Education level
	Education 1	1262.39	319	<0.001				0.820		0.802		0.882		0.060
	Education 2	1379.87	319	<0.001				0.794		0.773		0.897		0.056
	Education 3	1313.93	319	<0.001				0.809		0.789		0.900		0.056
	Configural	4394.94	1,016	<0.001				0.783		0.775		0.883		0.034
	Metric	4425.02	1,040	<0.001	30.08	24	0.182	0.783	0.000	0.780	0.005	0.882	0.001	0.033	0.001
	Strong	4430.57	1,046	<0.001	5.55	6	0.475	0.783	0.000	0.781	0.001	0.882	0.000	0.033	0.000
	Strict	4471.92	1,075	<0.001	41.35	29	0.064	0.782	0.001	0.787	0.006	0.881	0.001	0.033	0.000

χ²: chi-square; df: degrees of freedom; CFI, Comparative fit index; TLI: Tucker–Lewis index; GFI, Goodness of Fit Index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation.

Education 1: Illiterate or Primary school; Education 2: Junior school; Education 3: High school, College, or Graduate school.