Table 1. Characteristics according to quartiles of non-HDL cholesterol level of 5,586,048 persons from the National Health Information Database in 2009 in Korea.
| Variables | Non-HDL quartiles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (<114 mg/dL) | Q2 (≥114 and <138 mg/dL) | Q3 (≥138 and <164 mg/dL) | Q4 (≥164 mg/dL) | p-value | ||
| No. of participants | 959,579 | 986,931 | 965,906 | 953,950 | ||
| Age (yr) | 42.23±14.34 | 45.58±13.7 | 47.85±13.16 | 49.85±12.67 | <0.001 | |
| <65 yr | 871,369 (90.81) | 881,681 (89.34) | 849,273 (87.93) | 823,461 (86.32) | ||
| ≥65 yr | 88,210 (9.19) | 105,250 (10.66) | 116,633 (12.07) | 130,489 (13.68) | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | |||||
| Men | 468,696 (48.84) | 540,932 (54.81) | 566,993 (58.7) | 560,940 (58.8) | ||
| Women | 490,883 (51.16) | 445,999 (45.19) | 398,913 (41.3) | 393,010 (41.2) | ||
| Household income | <0.001 | |||||
| Lower 20% | 180,249 (18.78) | 173,950 (17.63) | 162,869 (16.86) | 160,005 (16.77) | ||
| Smoking | <0.001 | |||||
| Non-smoker | 609,254 (63.49) | 593,849 (60.17) | 551,184 (57.06) | 527,588 (55.31) | ||
| Ex-smoker | 112,111 (11.68) | 137,949 (13.98) | 150,023 (15.53) | 149,082 (15.63) | ||
| Current-smoker | 238,214 (24.82) | 255,133 (25.85) | 264,699 (27.4) | 277,280 (29.07) | ||
| Alcohol drinking | <0.001 | |||||
| None/mild | 463,319 (48.28) | 493,971 (50.05) | 492,201 (50.96) | 505,301 (52.97) | ||
| Moderate | 418,322 (43.59) | 414,596 (42.01) | 394,946 (40.89) | 369,990 (38.79) | ||
| Heavy | 77,938 (8.12) | 78,364 (7.94) | 78,759 (8.15) | 78,659 (8.25) | ||
| Regular physical activity | 166,478 (17.35) | 180,489 (18.29) | 179,636 (18.6) | 171,720 (18.0) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.36±3.07 | 23.36±3.11 | 24.13±3.09 | 24.86±3.09 | <0.001 | |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 93.4±20.51 | 95.38±21.12 | 97.56±22.77 | 101.34±28.06 | <0.001 | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 155.55±19.11 | 181.51±14.88 | 203.06±14.6 | 240.97±26.89 | <0.001 | |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 61.31±28.4 | 55.77±13.61 | 53.26±12.92 | 51.42±12.32 | <0.001 | |
| Non-HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 94.25±25.61 | 125.74±6.87 | 149.79±7.43 | 189.55±24.27 | <0.001 | |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 77.61±16.87 | 102.48±14.75 | 121.16±17.89 | 151.61±30.48 | <0.001 | |
| Difference between Non-HDL and LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 16.64±26.09 | 23.27±13.77 | 28.63±17.04 | 37.94±25.61 | <0.001 | |
| Triglyceride* (mg/dL) | 79.47 (79.4–79.55) | 100.77 (100.66–100.87) | 123.55 (123.42–123.68) | 159.65 (159.47–159.82) | <0.001 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | 118.76±14.48 | 121.19±14.64 | 123.3±14.73 | 125.57±15.05 | <0.001 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.97±9.75 | 75.6±9.85 | 76.97±9.91 | 78.42±10.07 | <0.001 | |
| Type 2 diabetes | 64,788 (6.75) | 68,151 (6.91) | 76,725 (7.94) | 98,431 (10.32) | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 178,911 (18.64) | 221,904 (22.48) | 255,923 (26.5) | 299,924 (31.44) | <0.001 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 70,770 (7.38) | 53,793 (5.45) | 58,437 (6.05) | 447,585 (46.92) | <0.001 | |
| Statin | 71,865 (7.49) | 54,074 (5.48) | 47,357 (4.9) | 75,198 (7.88) | <0.001 | |
HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
*Geometric mean (95% confidence interval).