Table 1.
Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics (n = 1035)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, years | 60 ± 17 |
| Gender, female | 187 (18) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28 ± 5 |
| BSA, m2 | 2.0 ± 0.2 |
| SBP, mm Hg (n = 1034) | 131 ± 20 |
| DBP, mm Hg (n = 1034) | 64 ± 13 |
| Diabetes | 109 (11) |
| Hypertension | 494 (48) |
| Chronic lung disease | 99 (10) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 392 (38) |
| Charlson comorbidity index (n = 1033) | 1.6 ± 2.2 |
| NYHA functional class (n = 1016) | |
| ȃI | 637 (63) |
| ȃII | 265 (26) |
| ȃIII | 106 (10) |
| ȃIV | 8 (1) |
| Bicuspid aortic valve morphology (n = 1029) | 366 (36) |
| LV EF, % | 58 ± 9 |
| LVEDD, mm (n = 1033) | 60 ± 7 |
| Indexed LVEDD, mm/m2 (n = 1033) | 30 ± 4 |
| LVESD, mm (n = 1018) | 40 ± 7 |
| Indexed LVESD, mm/m2 (n = 1018) | 20 ± 4 |
| LVEDV, mL | 209 ± 67 |
| Indexed LVEDV, mL/m2 | 104 ± 30 |
| LVESV, mL | 91 ± 41 |
| Indexed LVESV, mL/m2 | 45 ± 20 |
| Degree of AR | |
| ȃModerate to severe | 436 (42) |
| ȃSevere | 599 (58) |
| Regurgitant volume, mL (n = 885) | 71 ± 25 |
| Effective regurgitant orifice area, mm2 (n = 832) | 26 ± 14 |
| Vena contracta, mm (n = 709) | 6 ± 3 |
| Medial E/e′ ratio (n = 962) | 12 ± 24 |
| RVSP, mm Hg (n = 785) | 32 ± 10 |
| Mid-ascending aorta, mm (n = 941) | 41 ± 7 |
| Mid-ascending aorta ≥ 45 mm | 233 (25) |
| Mid-ascending aorta ≥ 50 mm | 95 (10) |
| Mid-ascending aorta ≥ 55 mm | 35 (4) |
| Sinus of Valsalva, mm (n = 971) | 41 ± 6 |
| Sinus of Valsalva ≥ 45 mm | 229 (24) |
| Sinus of Valsalva ≥ 50 mm | 53 (5) |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or number (percentage).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; AR, aortic regurgitation; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; E/e′, early mitral inflow/tissue Doppler velocity; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure.