Table 3.
Percentage Changes in Telehealth and In-Person Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Persons With Diabetes
| By age group, years |
By race |
By sex |
By urbanicity |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 67–74 | 75–84 | ≥85 | Non-Hispanic White | Non-Hispanic Black | Hispanic | Others | Male | Female | Rural | Urban | |
| Telehealth | ||||||||||||
| Total | 511.1 | 507.9 | 512.7 | 480.6 | 511.9 | 533.4 | 465.8 | 482.9 | 514.3 | 503.7 | 395.6 | 589.8 |
| (502.2, 520.0) | (499.6, 516.2) | (503.4, 522.1) | (471.5, 489.8) | (503.2, 520.6) | (521.4, 545.4) | (454.1, 477.4) | (471.1, 494.7) | (505.4, 523.2) | (495.0, 512.4) | (388.0, 403.2) | (582.2, 597.3) | |
| Phase 1 | 540.0 | 527.9 | 548.2 | 502.7 | 542.4 | 588.1 | 476.3 | 475.7 | 547.1 | 526.5 | 411.0 | 628.8 |
| (510.9, 569.1) | (500.6, 555.1) | (517.8, 578.6) | (470.3, 535.1) | (513.1, 571.6) | (554.1, 622.1) | (444.4, 508.2) | (440.9, 510.6) | (518.2, 576.0) | (497.6, 555.4) | (385.5, 436.5) | (602.8, 654.8) | |
| Phase 2 | 557.4 | 547.1 | 558.9 | 530.0 | 557.2 | 587.0 | 486.5 | 522.7 | 565.6 | 545.3 | 431.8 | 640.9 |
| (542.1, 572.8) | (532.9, 561.3) | (542.5, 575.4) | (514.8, 545.2) | (542.1, 572.3) | (569.2, 604.7) | (467.2, 505.7) | (503.0, 542.4) | (549.4, 581.7) | (530.7, 559.9) | (419.2, 444.3) | (628.5, 653.2) | |
| Phase 3 | 499.3 | 501.6 | 498.7 | 472.1 | 499.1 | 515.2 | 462.2 | 489.9 | 499.1 | 494.3 | 390.0 | 575.9 |
| (484.1, 514.5) | (487.4, 515.8) | (483.1, 514.4) | (457.5, 486.7) | (484.6, 513.5) | (495.2, 535.3) | (443.6, 480.9) | (469.7, 510.1) | (484.8, 513.4) | (479.3, 509.2) | (376.9, 403.1) | (563.6, 588.1) | |
| Phase 4 | 455.0 | 459.3 | 457.3 | 426.7 | 457.8 | 468.3 | 440.9 | 438.2 | 454.4 | 454.5 | 351.4 | 526.6 |
| (440.5, 469.4) | (445.1, 473.6) | (442.3, 472.4) | (411.8, 441.7) | (443.7, 471.9) | (449.5, 487.1) | (420.4, 461.4) | (418.5, 457.8) | (440.7, 468.1) | (439.6, 469.4) | (339.1, 363.6) | (515.3, 537.8) | |
| In-person | ||||||||||||
| Total | −11.0 | −11.4 | −11.2 | −9.8 | −11.1 | −10.1 | −10.5 | −12.4 | −10.1 | −11.8 | −12.2 | −11.0 |
| (−11.9, −10.1) | (−12.3, −10.4) | (−12.1, −10.2) | (−10.6, −8.97) | (−12.1, −10.2) | (−11.3, −8.85) | (−11.6, −9.35) | (−13.6, −11.3) | (−11.0, −9.17) | (−12.7, −10.9) | (−13.8, −10.7) | (−12.0, −10.1) | |
| Phase 1 | −40.4 | −42.4 | −41.6 | −33.8 | −41.6 | −33.9 | −39.7 | −47.6 | −39.0 | −41.6 | −37.9 | −40.9 |
| (−43.6, −37.2) | (−45.8, −39.0) | (−44.9, −38.3) | (−36.6, −31.1) | (−44.9, −38.4) | (−37.5, −30.3) | (−43.4, −36.0) | (−51.7, −43.5) | (−42.1, −35.9) | (−44.9, −38.4) | (−42.2, −33.7) | (−44.1, −37.7) | |
| Phase 2 | −8.4 | −8.7 | −8.1 | −7.7 | −8.5 | −9.3 | −6.9 | −9.5 | −6.9 | −9.6 | −10.8 | −8.5 |
| (−9.10, −7.63) | (−9.50, −7.93) | (−8.82, −7.28) | (−8.52, −6.97) | (−9.21, −7.73) | (−11.3, −7.28) | (−8.50, −5.30) | (−10.8, −8.20) | (−7.67, −6.18) | (−10.3, −8.78) | (−13.5, −8.11) | (−9.32, −7.72) | |
| Phase 3 | −7.2 | −7.3 | −7.2 | −6.5 | −7.0 | −5.9 | −6.0 | −8.0 | −6.5 | −7.7 | −8.3 | −7.2 |
| (−8.13, −6.21) | (−8.33, −6.36) | (−8.19, −6.22) | (−7.51, −5.44) | (−8.03, −6.04) | (−7.58, −4.19) | (−7.51, −4.57) | (−9.36, −6.72) | (−7.45, −5.59) | (−8.69, −6.64) | (−11.1, −5.51) | (−8.22, −6.22) | |
| Phase 4 | −3.3 | −2.9 | −3.5 | −3.4 | −3.1 | −3.3 | −4.4 | −2.7 | −2.8 | −3.7 | −4.9 | −2.9 |
| (−3.90, −2.73) | (−3.58, −2.28) | (−4.08, −2.88) | (−4.13, −2.74) | (−3.66, −2.46) | (−5.33, −1.25) | (−5.62, −3.26) | (−3.69, −1.75) | (−3.41, −2.21) | (−4.30, −3.05) | (−7.26, −2.60) | (−3.48, −2.25) | |
Note: This study used medical claims for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged ≥67 years. We compared utilization during the pandemic period, defined as March 2020 to December 2021, with that in the prepandemic period, defined as March 2018 to December 2019. Phase 1 is March–May 2020, Phase 2 is June–December 2020, Phase 3 is January–June 2021, and Phase 4 is July–December 2021. The dependent variables were the natural log of the average use of healthcare services per 1,000 beneficiaries with diabetes.