Table 3.
Diagnostic accuracy results of NITs compared with MRS.
| MRS |
US |
Conventional CAP according to EASL |
CAP determined by Youden index |
Conventional FLI |
FLI determined by Youden index |
US + CAP |
US + FLI |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 132 | 132 | 127 | 127 | 132 | 132 | 131∗ | 132 |
| AUROC | Ref. | 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
| Cut-off | Ref. | ≥1 criterion | >275 dB/m | ≥270 dB/m | ≥60 | ≥45 | US ≥1 criterion and CAP ≥270 dB/m | US ≥1 criterion and FLI ≥45 |
| NAFLD prevalence, N (%) | 21 (15.9) | 25 (18.9) | 43 (33.9) | 46 (36.2) | 37 (28.0) | 59 (44.7) | 21 (16.0) | 23 (17.4) |
| Sensitivity | Ref. | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.90 | 0.62 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.91 |
| Specificity | Ref. | 0.96 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.98 | 0.96 |
| PPV | Ref. | 0.84 | 0.37 | 0.39 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.91 | 0.83 |
| NPV | Ref. | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.98 | 0.98 |
| +LR | Ref. | 25 | 3.20 | 3.46 | 2.81 | 2.53 | 45.5 | 22.8 |
| -LR | Ref. | 0.001† | 0.27 | 0.14 | 0.48 | 0.14 | 0.91 | 0.09 |
Accuracy analysis of NITs compared with MRS >5.56%. Conventional CAP and FLI cut-offs according to current EASL guidelines. Prevalence shown as N (%). Cut-off determined by Youden’s index (sensitivity + specificity - 1). Diagnostic indices shown as percentages. The significance level was set at p <0.05.
AUROC, area under receiver-operator curve; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; FLI, fatty liver index; +LR, positive likelihood ratio; -LR, negative likelihood ratio; MRS, (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NITs, non-invasive tests; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; US, ultrasound.
One subject had a positive US, but failed VCTE.
Equation performed with sensitivity of 0.999.