Table 7.
Effects of reduced-protein diets supplemented with arginine or branched-chain amino acids on short-chain fatty acid profile in cecal content in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp. on d 28.
| Acetate | Propionate | Isobutyrate | Butyrate | Isovalerate | Valerate | Caproate | SCFA1 | BSCFA1 | Total SCFA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Means for the main effect of challenge2 | |||||||||||
| NCG (-) | 60.9a | 3.22a | 0.42 | 9.74a | 0.51a | 0.73a | 0.01 | 74.6 | 0.92 | 75.5a | |
| CG (+) | 48.3b | 2.42b | 0.36 | 7.70b | 0.40b | 0.52b | 0.01 | 58.9 | 0.76 | 59.7b | |
| Means for the main effect of diets3 | |||||||||||
| PC | 60.2 | 2.97 | 0.42 | 9.34 | 0.53 | 0.69 | 0.00 | 73.2 | 0.96 | 74.2 | |
| NC | 53.4 | 2.77 | 0.41 | 8.21 | 0.46 | 0.62 | 0.02 | 65.0 | 0.87 | 65.9 | |
| ARG | 51.2 | 2.56 | 0.36 | 8.54 | 0.41 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 62.9 | 0.78 | 63.7 | |
| BCAA | 53.4 | 2.98 | 0.36 | 8.80 | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.03 | 65.8 | 0.76 | 66.6 | |
| Means for the interaction effect | |||||||||||
| - | PC | 70.3 | 3.66 | 0.47 | 11.2 | 0.61 | 0.84 | 0.00 | 86.0 | 1.08 | 87.0 |
| - | NC | 61.3 | 3.35 | 0.49 | 8.65 | 0.56 | 0.75 | 0.04 | 74.1 | 1.05 | 75.2 |
| - | ARG | 55.5 | 2.82 | 0.35 | 9.62 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 0.00 | 68.7 | 0.78 | 69.4 |
| - | BCAA | 56.3 | 3.04 | 0.36 | 9.52 | 0.43 | 0.65 | 0.00 | 69.5 | 0.79 | 70.3 |
| + | PC | 50.1 | 2.29 | 0.38 | 7.51 | 0.46 | 0.54 | 0.00 | 60.5 | 0.84 | 61.3 |
| + | NC | 45.5 | 2.20 | 0.34 | 7.77 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0.00 | 56.0 | 0.70 | 56.7 |
| + | ARG | 46.9 | 2.29 | 0.37 | 7.45 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 57.1 | 0.78 | 57.9 |
| + | BCAA | 50.5 | 2.92 | 0.36 | 8.08 | 0.37 | 0.55 | 0.05 | 62.1 | 0.73 | 62.9 |
| Source of variation | |||||||||||
| Challenge | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.247 | 0.027 | 0.021 | 0.001 | 0.832 | <0.001 | 0.076 | <0.001 | |
| Diet | 0.175 | 0.694 | 0.693 | 0.839 | 0.166 | 0.623 | 0.468 | 0.247 | 0.390 | 0.237 | |
| Interaction | 0.315 | 0.406 | 0.569 | 0.719 | 0.496 | 0.634 | 0.184 | 0.359 | 0.512 | 0.347 | |
| SEM | 4.23 | 0.406 | 0.048 | 1.27 | 0.045 | 0.085 | 0.021 | 5.34 | 0.128 | 5.36 | |
Means within a column lacking a common superscript differ (P < 0.05).
SCFA, unbranched short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, caproate); BSCFA, branched short-chain fatty acids (isobutyrate, isovalerate); Total SCFA, total short-chain fatty acids.
NCG, nonchallenged group; CG, challenged group.
PC, positive control with 20.0% crude protein content; NC, negative control with 17.5% crude protein content; ARG, negative control supplemented with arginine at 50% above breeder recommendations; BCAA, negative control supplemented with BCAA at 50% above breeder recommendations.