Table II.
Associations between COVID-19 severity and annual change in average monthly fertility rate (births/month/100 000 women of reproductive age/year) in the USA following Wave 1 and Wave 2.
| Predictor | Wave 1 |
Wave 2 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted b (95% CI) | Adjusted b (95% CI) | Unadjusted b (95% CI) | Adjusted b (95% CI) | |
| Wave severity (cases/100 000/month) | −0.60 (−1.19, −0.02) | −0.32 (−0.69, 0.04) | −0.04 (−0.15, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.11, 0.13) |
| Percentage voted Republican 2020 | 0.45 (0.01, 0.89) | −0.05 (−0.27, 0.17) | ||
| Percentage non-White | −0.90 (−1.25, −0.55) | −0.72 (−0.94, −0.50) | ||
| Affordable housing units | −0.44 (−0.81, −0.07) | −0.34 (−0.57, −0.12) | ||
| Wave timinga | −33.22 (−42.72, −23.72) | −6.66 (−13.17, −0.15) | ||
| R-squared | 0.08 | 0.78 | 0.01 | 0.48 |
a
Wave 1: Spring versus Summer; Wave 2: Fall versus Winter.
b: beta, effect estimate; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.