Gabbay 2006.
| Study characteristics | ||
| Methods |
Nurse case management improves blood pressure, emotional distress and diabetes complication screening Patient RCT, conducted in 2 primary care clinics of Penn State Hershey Medical Centre, USA Two arms: 1. Control (control arm) and 2. NCM ‐ nurse case management ‐ intervention (intervention arm) |
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| Participants | Control arm N: 182 Intervention arm N: 150 Diabetes type: type 2 Mean age: 64.5 ± 16.4 % Male: 54.5 Longest follow‐up: 12 months |
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| Interventions |
Control arm: None Intervention arm: 1) Case management 2) Patient education 3) Promotion of self‐management |
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| Outcomes | 1) Retinopathy screening (eye exam), N screened (%) Control arm: pre NR (NR), post 47 (26) Intervention arm: pre NR (NR), post 102 (68) 2) Foot screening, N screened (%) Control arm: pre NR (NR), post 86 (47) Intervention arm: pre NR (NR), post 96 (64) 3) Renal screening (microalbumin), N screened (%) Control arm: pre NR (NR), post 62 (34) Intervention arm: pre NR (NR), post 108 (72) 4) HbA1c, mean % (SD) Control arm: pre 7.4 (1.5), post 7.4 (1.8) Intervention arm: pre 7.5 (1.4), post 7.5 (1.4) 5) SBP, mean mmHg (SD) Control arm: pre 136.0 (17.0), post 138.0 (19.0) Intervention arm: pre 137.0 (19.0), post 129.0 (18.0) 6) DBP, mean mmHg (SD) Control arm: pre 77.0 (10.0), post 78.0 (10.0) Intervention arm: pre 77.0 (10.0), post 72.0 (9.0) 7) LDL, mean mg/dL (SD) Control arm: pre 105.0 (35.0), post 99.0 (32.0) Intervention arm: pre 105.0 (36.0), post 97.5 (32.0) |
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| Funding source | NA | |
| Notes | — | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | High risk | Information not available. |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Information not available. |
| Patient's baseline characteristics (selection bias) | Low risk | Information not available. |
| Patient's baseline outcomes (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Information not available. |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) | Low risk | Information not available. |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) and of outcome assessors (detection bias) | Unclear risk | Information not available. |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Information not available. |
| Risk of contamination (other bias) | Unclear risk | Information not available. |
| Other bias | Unclear risk | Information not available. |