Kotsani 2018.

Study characteristics
Methods	The role of telenursing in the management of diabetes type 1: a randomized controlled trial RCT (NA clusters and NA providers), conducted in 1) Outpatient Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism of a University Hospital in Northern Greece. 2) Intervention delivered by a DM specialised nurse. In Greece. 2 arms: 1. Control (standard care) (control arm) and 2. Intervention (telenursing) (intervention arm)
Participants	Control arm N: 46 Intervention arm N: 48, NA, NA Diabetes type: 1 Mean age: 26.98 ± NR % Male: 50 Longest follow‐up: 3 months
Interventions	Control arm: (standard care) 1) Patient education Intervention arm: (telenursing) 1) Case management 2) Electronic patient registry 3) Patient education
Outcomes	Glycated haemoglobin
Funding source	None
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	They were randomised into two groups by a random number generator.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Sealed envelopes, unclear if opaque.
Patient's baseline characteristics (selection bias)	Low risk	There is no statistically significant difference regarding age, sex, duration of diabetes and physical activity between the groups.
Patient's baseline outcomes (selection bias)	High risk	Table 1, P values for blood glucose < 0.05.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Low risk	No patients lost.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) and of outcome assessors (detection bias)	Low risk	Objectively measured outcome: HbA1c.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No registered protocol available, however outcomes in methods match those in results.
Risk of contamination (other bias)	Low risk	Nurses only called those in the intervention group.
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence of other bias.