Montori 2004.

Study characteristics
Methods	Telecare for patients with type 1 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial and meta‐analysis Patient RCT, Canada Two arms: 1. Control (control arm) and 2. Intervention (intervention arm)
Participants	Control arm N: 16 Intervention arm N: 15 Diabetes type: type 1 Mean age: 42.9 (interquartile range: 24.4 to 52.7) % Male: 32.3 Longest follow‐up: 6 months
Interventions	Control arm: 1) Promotion of self‐management Intervention arm: 1) Case management 2) Facilitated relay of clinical information 3) Promotion of self‐management
Outcomes	1) HbA1c, mean % (SD) Control arm: pre 8.8 (1.2), post 8.2 (1.2) Intervention arm: pre 9.1 (1.3), post 7.8 (1.3) 2a) Harms (severe hypoglycaemia), N (%) Control arm: pre NR (NR), post 3 (19) Intervention arm: pre NR (NR), post 3 (20) 2b) Harms (ketoacidosis), N (%) Control arm: pre NR (NR), post 0 (0) Intervention arm: pre NR (NR), post 0 (0)
Funding source	The Mayo Foundation funded this study with a research award to Y.C.K. Roche Diagnostics donated modems and glucometer equipment for both study groups
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Patient's baseline characteristics (selection bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Patient's baseline outcomes (selection bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) and of outcome assessors (detection bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Information not available.
Risk of contamination (other bias)	High risk	Information not available.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Information not available.