Saenz 2012.

Study characteristics
Methods	Development and validation of a computer application to aid the physician's decision‐making process at the start of and during treatment with insulin in type 2 diabetes: a randomized and controlled trial Cluster‐RCT (14 clusters with 66 providers), conducted in primary care centres in Madrid, Spain Two arms: 1. Control group (control arm) and 2. Intervention group (intervention arm)
Participants	Control arm N: 332 Intervention arm N: 365 Diabetes type: type 2 Mean age: NR ± NR % Male: NR Longest follow‐up: 18 months
Interventions	Control arm: 1) Clinician education Intervention arm: 1) Electronic patient registry 2) Clinician education 3) Clinician reminders 4) Facilitated relay of clinical information 5) Promotion of self‐management
Outcomes	1) HbA1c, mean % (SD) Control arm: pre 7.8 (1.5), post 7.7 (1.4) Intervention arm: pre 7.9 (1.4), post 7.2 (0.9)
Funding source	This work has been partially financed by the FIS‐071131 research grant from the Fund for Health Research of the Ministry of Health and Consumption, Spain
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Cluster.
Provider's baseline characteristics (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Patient's baseline characteristics (selection bias)	Low risk	In text and table.
Patient's baseline outcomes (selection bias)	Low risk	Hba1c: In text and table.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Low risk	Assuming no losses?
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) and of outcome assessors (detection bias)	Unclear risk	HbA1c: objective laboratory method not reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	< 2005 approach used since no protocol; methods match outcomes.
Risk of contamination (other bias)	Low risk	Cluster.
Other bias	Low risk	Information not available.