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. 2023 Jan 5;18(9):2005–2010. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.366491

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Effects of PBM on mitochondrial oxidative stress at 1, 7 and 14 days after SCI.

(A, B) Quantitative analyses of oxidative stress markers specific to protein (3-NT, A) and lipid oxidation (MDA, B) in spinal cord tissue homogenates at 1, 7 and 14 days post-SCI. (C, D) Antioxidative parameters, namely SOD (C) and TAOC (D), were quantified in spinal cord tissue homogenates at 1, 7 and 14 days after SCI. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, vs. CON group; ###P < 0.001, ####P < 0.0001, vs. SCI group; &&&&P < 0.0001, vs.1 day post-operation; ^P < 0.05, ^^P < 0.01, ^^^P < 0.001, ^^^^P < 0.0001, vs. 7 days post-operation (one-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference post hoc test). 3-NT: 3-Nitrotyrosine; MDA: malondialdehyde; PBM: photobiomodulation; SCI: spinal cord injury; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TAOC: total antioxidant capacity.