Table 2.

Biochemical parameters of the study population

Variables	Control (n = 62)	Gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 13)	p value
Glucose (mmol/L)	4.52 (± 0.56)	4.47 (± 0.55)	0.660
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.46 (± 0.44)	1.88 (± 0.74)*	0.025
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.51 (± 0.80)	4.60 (± 0.56)	0.477
β-hydroxybutiric acid (μmol/L)	42.4 (± 26.4)	48.9 (± 25.0)	0.376
Insulin (pmol/L)	53.4 (± 38.1)	34.7 (± 22.5)	0.213
HOMA-IR	1.47 (± 1.02)	0.91 (± 0.51)*	0.049
HOMA-β	129 (78.5–196)	56.7 (29.9–196)+	0.041

Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level

Results are shown as mean (± S.D.) for parametric variables and as median (p25-75) for non-parametric variables. *p < 0.05, StudenT-test for independent samples. ⁺p < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test for independent samples