Fig. 3. Evolutionary distribution of bat coronavirus sampling effort.

Sampling effort is defined as whether a bat species has been sampled (a), the number of studies (b) and the number of samples tested (c). Clades identified by phylogenetic factorization with greater or lesser sampling effort compared with a paraphyletic remainder are shown in red and blue, respectively, alongside clade numbers per analysis. Phylogenetic factorization did not identify any taxonomic patterns in binary sampling effort across the bat phylogeny (a), but did identify a number of bat clades within sampled bat species that have been particularly well-sampled for coronaviruses, both in terms of number of studies (b; Supplementary Table 8) and number of samples (c; Supplementary Table 9, only the first 24 phylogenetic factors are displayed). For analyses of total studies and tested samples, segment length corresponds to the relative degree of sampling effort.