Table 3.
Mean values and standard deviations for all secondary outcomes at baseline, 18, and 24 months. Change scores and adjacent between group effect sizes are also presented.
| ITTa | Baseline |
18 months |
24 months |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iCAN-DO (n = 120) |
SC (n = 118) |
iCAN-DO (n = 120) |
SC (n = 118) |
ES |
iCAN-DO (n = 119) |
SC (n = 117) |
ES |
|||||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | Δ BL (SD) | M (SD) | Δ BL (SD) | d | M (SD) | Δ BL (SD) | M (SD) | Δ BL (SD) | d | |
| EORTC QLQ C30 | ||||||||||||
| Global health | 48.5 (21.4) | 47.5 (22.5) | 68.2 (21.5) | 19.7 (23.2) | 64.7 (26.7) | 17.1 (23.8) | 0.11 | 67.1 (21.1) | 18.5 (23) | 62.6 (24.2) | 14.9 (24.9) | 0.15 |
| Physical functioning | 77.4 (20.7) | 80 (17.5) | 84.7 (18.9) | 7.3 (16.1) | 84.5 (18.3) | 4.5 (15.5) | 0.18 | 82.9 (19.1) | 5.2 (18.1) | 83.9 (18.1) | 3.9 (17) | 0.08 |
| Role functioning | 52.8 (32.4) | 59.2 (33.9) | 83.9 (25.5) | 31 (32.1) | 83.8 (25.1) | 24.6 (36.6) | 0.19 | 84.3 (23.2) | 31.6 (32.2) | 81.1 (28.3) | 21.4 (41.9) | 0.27 |
| Emotional functioning | 60.6 (18.2) | 56.1 (21.4) | 73.7 (22.6) | 12.8 (20.9) | 65.4 (24.1) | 9.4 (20.4) | 0.17 | 72.7 (25.2) | 11.9 (23.2) | 65.4 (25.8) | 9.2 (22.4) | 0.12 |
| Cognitive functioning | 65.7 (24.7) | 64.7 (28.1) | 78.7 (20.4) | 15.1 (24.5) | 75.4 (25.2) | 11.7 (25.3) | 0.13 | 79.8 (18.7) | 16.1 (22.4) | 75.1 (23.5) | 11.3 (26.5) | 0.19 |
| Social functioning | 58.1 (29.1) | 60.3 (28.4) | 84 (18.1) | 26 (30.1) | 76 (28.1) | 15.7 (29.1) | 0.35⁎ | 84.6 (17.6) | 26.7 (30.5) | 73.5 (29.5) | 13 (32.4) | 0.44⁎ |
| Appetite loss | 35 (31) | 19.6 (27.1) | 6.1 (14.2) | −18.9 (32.3) | 11 (20.4) | −9.1 (25.4) | −0.34 | 8.1 (17.8) | −16.8 (34.4) | 10.2 (18.8) | −9.5 (26.3) | −0.24 |
| Constipation | 14.1 (25.4) | 17.6 (26.5) | 9.4 (20.4) | −4.7 (24.2) | 12.4 (24.6) | −5.1 (30.2) | −0.01 | 10.6 (21.7) | −3.6 (28.7) | 11.1 (24) | −6 (29.4) | −0.08 |
| Diarrhea | 15.8 (27) | 17 (24.2) | 6.4 (18) | −9.4 (29.3) | 10 (23.3) | −7.1 (27) | −0.08 | 7.8 (18.2) | −8.1 (29.7) | 7.4 (19.7) | −9.7 (24.8) | −0.06 |
| Dyspnea | 34.6 (30.4) | 26.7 (27.7) | 17.1 (25.2) | −17.5 (33.2) | 18.8 (26.7) | −7.9 (32.9) | −0.29 | 17.6 (25.9) | −16.5 (33.3) | 21 (27.5) | −5.4 (33.1) | −0.34 |
| Fatigue | 51.5 (26) | 48.1 (25.2) | 28.5 (25.3) | −23 (26.1) | 30.9 (24.9) | −17.3 (24.9) | −0.22 | 26.4 (25.4) | −24.9 (28.6) | 29.4 (25.1) | −18.3 (25.8) | −0.24 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 13.2 (18.1) | 10.8 (13.9) | 2.8 (8.2) | −10.4 (19.3) | 4.1 (10.5) | −6.7 (15) | −0.22 | 2.6 (8.1) | −10.8 (19.1) | 4 (11.2) | −6.7 (15.4) | −0.23 |
| Pain | 33.8 (28.4) | 30.1 (28.4) | 18.1 (26) | −15.7 (32.3) | 17 (23.6) | −13.1 (27.8) | −0.09 | 19.4 (25.2) | −14.3 (30.5) | 18.7 (24.6) | −11 (29.2) | −0.11 |
| Sleep problems | 42.2 (31.5) | 45.4 (32.3) | 26 (24.9) | −16.2 (33.3) | 34.4 (28.3) | −11.1 (31.9) | −0.16 | 15.9 (27.4) | −26 (38) | 27.9 (32.2) | −17.1 (38.1) | −0.24⁎ |
| Financial difficulties | 24.4 (33.4) | 20.9 (29.7) | 22.2 (34.4) | −2.2 (26.6) | 15.6 (25.3) | −5.5 (26) | −0.12 | 26.1 (39.1) | 1.5 (25.8) | 21 (34.8) | −0.5 (32.2) | −0.07 |
| ISI (insomnia) | 11.5 (6) | 12.4 (5.9) | 9.6 (7.1) | −1.9 (5.9) | 10.9 (7.8) | −1.5 (5.8) | −0.06 | 9.1 (6.3) | −2.3 (5.5) | 10.6 (7.2) | −1.8 (5.2) | −0.10 |
| FACIT-F (fatigue) | 30.8 (10.4) | 30.9 (11.3) | 36.9 (10.8) | 6.1 (10.4) | 36 (12.1) | 5.1 (10.6) | 0.09 | 35.8 (11.5) | 5 (10.9) | 35.7 (11.6) | 4.7 (10.4) | 0.03 |
NOTE: A high score represents a higher level of symptoms/problems in all scales, except from the function sub-scales in the EORTC QLQC30 and FACIT-F. Between group effect sizes (ES) are calculated from baseline to follow-up. A negative ES indicates a lowering of symptoms or function (depending on the measure), and a positive ES indicates an increase.
Abbreviations: BL = baseline; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; EORTC QLQ C30 = European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire; ISI = Insomnia Severity Index; FACIT-F = The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue.
ITT = Intention to treat, including all participants who completed baseline. Data were imputed using last rank carried forward method.
Statistically significant intervention effects in the linear mixed model analyses.