Table 8.

Recommendations for risk stratification, sudden cardiac death prevention, and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis (98).

Recommendations	Class a	Level b
Risk stratification and primary prevention of SCD
ICD implantation is recommended in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who have a LVEF ≤35%.	I	B
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who have an indication for permanent cardiac pacing related to high-degree AV block, ICD implantation should be considered, regardless of LVEF.	IIa	C
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who have a LVEF >35% but significant LGE at CMR after resolution of acute inflammation, ICD implantation should be considered.	IIa	B
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who have a LVEF 35%–50% and minor LGE at CMR, after resolution of acute inflammation, PES for risk stratification should be considered.	IIa	C
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, LVEF 35%–50% and inducible SMVT at PES, ICD implantation should be considered.	IIa	C
Secondary prevention of SCD and treatment of VAs
ICD implantation is recommended in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis who (1) have documented sustained VT, or (2) aborted CA.	I	B
In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and recurrent, symptomatic VA, AAD treatment should be considered.	IIa	C
Catheter ablation, in specialized centers, may be considered in cardiac sarcoidosis ICD-recipients with recurrent, symptomatic SMVT or ICD shocks for SMVT, in whom AADs are ineffective, contraindicated, or not tolerated.	IIb	C

AAD, anti-arrhythmic drug; AV, atrio-ventricular; CA, cardiac arrest; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PES, programmed electrical stimulation; SCD, sudden cardiac death; SMVT, sustained monomorphic VT; AV, ventricular arrhythmia; VT, ventricular tachycardia.

^a Class of recommendation.

^b Level of evidence.