Table 1.
Methylation modification and its interaction with various type of lncRNAs in BC studies: DNA methylation → lncRNA
| Long ncRNA | Expression in BC | Signaling pathway involved | Mechanism of action | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPIC1 | ↑ | EPIC1/MYC | Promotion of BC cell cycle progression | [224] |
| HUMT | ↑ | HUMT/YBX1/FOXK1 | Promotion of lymph-angiogenesis and metastasis in TNBC | [225] |
| RP11-713P17.4 | not studied | Not studied | Hypermethylation of RP11-713P17.4 gene in BBM | [226] |
| GAS5 | ↓ | Not studied | Suppression of TNBC progression, reduction of TNBC cell proliferation, promotion of TNBC cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity | [227] |
| MEG3 | ↓ | Not studied | Promotion of chemosensitivity of BC cells | [228] |
| MEG3 | ↓ | DNMT1/MEG3/miR-494-3p/OTUD4 | Supporting of the growth of BC cells | [229] |
| HOTAIRM1 | ↓ | DNMT1 and DNMT3A/HOTAIRM1 | Promotion of BC cells proliferation, clone formation, and invasion | [230] |
| BLAT1 | ↑ | BLAT1 promoter/BLAT1 | Influencing the aggressive phenotype of BLBC cells | [231] |
Abbreviations: ↑, increased, upregulated; ↓, reduced, downregulated; BBM, breast to brain metastases; BCSCs, breast cancer stem cells; BLBC, basal-like breast cancer