Table 1.
Per cent of students who reported using e-cigarettes at least once in the past year. Univariable relationships for 2017 and 2019, and differences between the two time periods.
| Elementary School | 2017 | 2019 | change from 2017 to 2019 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1767 | N = 1869 | |||||||||||
| Variables | % | 95% CI | p-value | % | 95% CI | p-value | change | 95% CI | p-value | |||
| overall | 4.61 | (2.95,6.27)) | 6.39 | (4.97,7.80) | 1.78 | (−0.37,3.93) | 0.104 | |||||
| Grade | Grade 7 | 2.74 | (0.89,4.59) | 3.81 | (2.06,5.57) | 1.08 | (−1.43,3.58) | 0.401 | ||||
| Grade 8 | 6.33 | (3.58,9.09) | 8.89 | (6.46,11.31) | 2.55 | (−1.06,6.16) | 0.166 | |||||
| odds ratio | 2.40 | (1.01,5.69) | 0.036 | 2.46 | (1.36,4.45) | 0.001 | 0.06 | (−3.41,2.48) | 0.527 | |||
| Sex | male | 6.29 | (3.71,8.86) | 7.04 | (4.95,9.13) | 0.75 | (−2.51,4.02) | 0.652 | ||||
| female | 2.88 | (0.97,4.79) | 5.70 | (4.10,7.29) | 2.82 | (0.37,5.26) | 0.024 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.44 | (0.20,0.96) | 0.028 | 0.80 | (0.53,1.19) | 0.275 | 0.36 | (−0.23,0.82) | 0.295 | |||
| Age | 12 or younger | 2.48 | (0.57,4.39) | 3.03 | (1.66,4.40) | 0.56 | (−1.76,2.87) | 0.638 | ||||
| 13 or older | 5.98 | (3.52,8.44) | 8.57 | (6.49,10.66) | 2.59 | (−0.58,5.76) | 0.109 | |||||
| odds ratio | 2.50 | (1.03,6.33) | 0.028 | 3.00 | (1.77,5.07) | <0.001 | 0.49 | (−3.52,3.03) | 0.313 | |||
| Canada all my life | yes | 4.92 | (2.98,6.86) | 6.18 | (4.64.7.71) | 1.26 | (−1.18,3.69) | 0.312 | ||||
| no | 2.94 | (0.64,5.23) | 6.61 | (3.96.9.26) | 3.67 | (0.23,7.12) | 0.037 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.58 | (0.23,1.47) | 0.196 | 1.07 | (0.66,1.76) | 0.777 | 0.49 | (−0.49,1.26) | 0.261 | |||
| English language only | yes | 4.77 | (2.68,6.85) | 5.95 | (4.38.7.52) | 1.18 | (−1.38,3.75) | 0.366 | ||||
| no | 4.23 | (1.84,6.62) | 7.11 | (4.39,9.82) | 2.88 | (−0.68,6.43) | 0.113 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.88 | (0.43,1.83) | 0.732 | 1.21 | (0.74,1.97) | 0.458 | 0.33 | (−0.73,1.22) | 0.440 | |||
| Race | white | 5.48 | (2.72,8.24) | 6.97 | (5.01,8.93) | 1.49 | (−1.84,4.82) | 0.380 | ||||
| other | 3.28 | (1.59,4.98) | 5.86 | (4.00,7.72) | 2.58 | (0.10,5.06) | 0.042 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.59 | (0.27,1.26) | 0.187 | 0.83 | (0.53,1.30) | 0.412 | 0.25 | (−0.49,0.81) | 0.608 | |||
| School performance | 90 or more | 3.16 | (0.57,5.75) | 3.56 | (0.78.6.33) | 0.40 | (−3.39,4.19) | 0.837 | ||||
| 80–89 | 4.66 | (2.48,6.84) | 6.43 | (4.38.8.49) | 1.77 | (−1.23.4.76) | 0.247 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.49 | (0.54,4.122) | 0.439 | 1.86 | (0.78.4.46) | 0.159 | 0.37 | (−2.47,3.14) | 0.739 | |||
| 70–79 | 4.80 | (2.06,7.54) | 6.59 | (4.50.8.68) | 1.79 | (−1.66.5.23) | 0.309 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.04 | (0.54,2.00) | 0.910 | 1.03 | (0.66.1.58) | 0.908 | −0.01 | (−1.03.0.74) | 0.976 | |||
| 69 or less | 6.25 | (0.65,11.86) | 10.74 | (2.93.18.55) | 0.209 | 4.49 | (−5.13.14.10) | 0.360 | ||||
| odds ratio | 1.32 | (0.45,3.86) | 0.604 | 1.71 | (0.63,4.60) | 0.282 | 0.38 | (−2.37.3.40) | 0.728 | |||
| Living arrangements | one | 3.00 | (1.61,4.39) | 5.78 | (4.20.7.36) | 2.78 | (0.71,4.85) | 0.008 | ||||
| more | 14.24 | (8.07,20.41) | 10.12 | (5.64.14.61) | −4.12 | (−11.62,3.39) | 0.282 | |||||
| odds ratio | 5.39 | (2.94,9.90) | 0.001 | 1.84 | (0.99,3.42) | 0.096 | −3.56 | (−8.14,0.24) | 0.080 | |||
| Smoker | no | 3.60 | (2.32,4.89) | 5.73 | (4.34.7.1)3 | 2.13 | (0.27,4.00) | 0.025 | ||||
| yes | 61.26 | (36.41,86.11) | 77.49 | (58.48,96.49) | 16.23 | (−14.56,47.01) | 0.302 | |||||
| odds ratio | 42.31 | (14.90,120.11) | 0.015 | 56.58 | (18.63,171.82) | <0.001 | 14.27 | (−72.29,132.72) | 0.367 | |||
| Secondary School | 2017 | 2019 | change from 2017 to 2019 | |||||||||
|
N = 1767 |
N = 1869 |
|||||||||||
| Variables | % | 95% CI | p-value | % | 95% CI | p-value | change | 95% CI | p-value | |||
| overall | 23.14 | (19.39,26.90) | 35.70 | (32.95,38.44) | 12.55 | (7.96,17.15) | <0.001 | |||||
| Grade | 9 | 15.20 | (10.39,20.00) | 25.27 | (21.40,29.14) | 10.08 | (3.97,16.18) | 0.001 | ||||
| 10 | 19.59 | (14.55,24.63) | 29.97 | (25.91,34.03) | 10.38 | (3.98,16.77) | 0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.36 | (0.88,1.41) | 0.163 | 1.30 | (0.98,1.73) | 0.068 | −0.06 | (−0.86,0.58) | 0.863 | |||
| 11 | 26.91 | (20.90,32.91) | 39.05 | (33.69,44.41) | 12.14 | (4.18,20.10) | 0.003 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.51 | (1.01,2.26) | 0.045 | 1.44 | (1.08,1.90) | 0.011 | −0.08 | (−0.91,0.61) | 0.835 | |||
| 12 | 28.34 | (23.31,33.37) | <0.001 | 44.27 | (40.24,48.30) | <0.001 | 15.93 | (9.55.22.30) | <0.001 | |||
| odds ratio | 1.07 | (0.79,1.47) | 0.647 | 1.25 | (0.95,1.64) | 0.109 | 0.17 | (−0.32,0.66) | 0.470 | |||
| Sex | male | 26.99 | (23.38,30.59) | 36.71 | (33.21,40.21) | 9.72 | (4.75,14.70) | <0.001 | ||||
| female | 18.90 | (13.84,23.96) | 34.60 | (31.35,37.86) | 15.70 | (9.76.21.64) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.63 | (0.46,0.86) | 0.002 | 0.91 | (0.77,1.09) | 0.300 | 0.28 | (−0.01,0.52) | 0.062 | |||
| Age | 14 or younger | 15.61 | (10.34,20.87) | 25.47 | (21.46,29.47) | 9.86 | (3.32,16.40) | 0.003 | ||||
| 15 | 17.72 | (11.29,24.15) | 28.23 | (24.16,32.31) | 10.51 | (2.98.18.04) | 0.006 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.16 | (0.62,2.20) | 0.637 | 1.15 | (0.86,1.53) | 0.335 | −0.01 | (−1.09,0.65) | 0.971 | |||
| 16 | 25.13 | (19.54,30.72) | 36.57 | (31.74,41.40) | 11.44 | (4.13,18.75) | 0.002 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.56 | (0.99,2.46) | 0.057 | 1.42 | (1.09,1.85) | 0.008 | −0.13 | (−1.10,0.58) | 0.736 | |||
| 17 or older | 28.02 | (23.31,32.72) | 44.32 | (39.36,49.28) | <0.001 | 16.30 | (9.54.23.07) | 0.002 | ||||
| odds ratio | 1.16 | (0.82,1.64) | 0.398 | 1.43 | (1.10,1.86) | 0.007 | 0.27 | (−0.31,0.82) | 0.338 | |||
| Canada all my life | yes | 24.70 | (20.54,28.86) | 38.48 | (35.55,41.41) | 13.78 | (8.75,18.82) | <0.001 | ||||
| no | 15.19 | (10.85,19.53) | 24.52 | (20.47,28.57) | 9.33 | (3.46,15.20) | 0.002 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.83 | (1.28,2.63) | <0.001 | 1.93 | (1.53,2.43) | <0.001 | 0.09 | (−0.79,0.84) | 0.206 | |||
| English language only | yes | 25.31 | (20.85,29.77) | 40.35 | (37.24,43.46) | 15.04 | (9.67.20.41) | <0.001 | ||||
| no | 16.60 | (12.90,20.31) | 26.67 | (22.94,30.40) | 10.07 | (4.87,15.27) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.70 | (1.38,2.53) | <0.001 | 1.86 | (1.49,2.32) | <0.001 | 0.16 | (−(−0.74,0.72) | 0.155 | |||
| Race | white | 27.22 | (21.81,32.63) | 47.26 | (43.88.50.64) | 20.04 | (13.73,26.34) | <0.001 | ||||
| other | 16.70 | (14.07,19.33) | 24.37 | (21.46,27.27) | 7.67 | (3.79,11.55) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 0.54 | (0.40,0.73) | <0.001 | 0.36 | (0.29,0.44) | <0.001 | −0.18 | (−0.38,-0.01) | 0.001 | |||
| School performance | 90 or more | 12.03 | (8.20,15.86) | 22.99 | (19.34,26.64) | 10.96 | (5.73,16.19) | <0.001 | ||||
| 80–89 | 17.83 | (13.74,21.93) | 33.96 | (29.75,38.18) | 16.13 | (10.32,21.94) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.59 | (1.01,2.49) | 0.045 | 1.97 | (1.49,2.61) | <0.001 | 0.38 | (−0.64,1.25) | 0.418 | |||
| 70–79 | 28.86 | (23.32,34.40) | 42.13 | (38.79,45.87) | 13.27 | (6.87,19.67) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.87 | (1.44,2.43) | <0.001 | 1.32 | (1.08,1.63) | 0.008 | −0.55 | (−1.16,-0.12) | 0.042 | |||
| 69 or less | 43.81 | (35.47,52.15) | 47.94 | (41.03,54.86) | 4.13 | (−6.59,14.85) | 0.450 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.92 | (1.30,2.84) | 0.001 | 1.51 | (1.08,2.10) | 0.016 | −0.42 | (−0.14.0.45) | 0.348 | |||
| Living arrangements | one | 21.43 | (17.91,24.96) | 34.50 | (31.71,37.29) | 13.06 | (8.62,17.51) | <0.001 | ||||
| more | 34.53 | (26.50,42.56) | 45.57 | (40.23,50.91) | 11.04 | (1.51,20.57) | 0.023 | |||||
| odds ratio | 1.93 | (1.38,2.70) | <0.001 | 1.59 | (1.29,1.96) | <0.001 | −0.34 | (−1.17,0.28) | 0.657 | |||
| Smoker | no | 14.44 | (11.43,17.46) | 29.05 | (26.44,31.67) | 14.61 | (10.66,18.55) | <0.001 | ||||
| yes | 63.44 | (56.60,70.27) | 88.29 | (84.63,91.96) | 24.86 | (17.19,32.53) | <0.001 | |||||
| odds ratio | 10.28 | (7.02,15.04) | <0.001 | 18.42 | (12.87,26.36) | <0.001 | 8.14 | (0.83,16.73) | 0.030 | |||
| CI = Confidence Interval | ||||||||||||