FIGURE 2.

Different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models generate divergent combinations of downstream signaling activation states. (A) Principal component analysis (PCA) of the mRNA expression profiles of normal murine livers (n = 3) and four murine HCC models (n = 3 for each model). (B) PCA of phosphoproteomic profiles of normal murine livers and four murine HCC tissues. (C) Gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs. (D) Heatmap of the differentially expressed proteins and their phosphorylation levels within normal murine livers and murine HCC tissues. Results standardized by minimum–maximum normalization. GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; HDAC, histone deacetylase; mut, mutant; NF‐κB, nuclear factor‐κB; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; RNA‐seq, RNA sequencing; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.