Table 1.

Risk factors for radiation-induced heart disease

Location

• Radiation in the left chest and/or anterior chest

• Tumor located within or neighboring the heart

• Lack of shielding

Cancer treatment

• Concurrent chemotherapy (such as anthracyclines)∗

Dosage features

• High cumulative dosage (>30 Gy)∗

• High dose of radiation fraction (>2Gy/d)

Patient factors

• Age <50 y

• Time elapsed since radiation therapy∗

• Cardiovascular risk factors∗

• Baseline cardiovascular disease

^∗Risk factors specifically associated with valvular disease.