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. 2023 May 26;15(5):229–243. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i5.229

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©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Key differences in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation in patients with underlying coronary artery disease or risk factors compared to those without underlying cardiovascular risk factors. AF: Atrial fibrillation; APD: Action potential duration; ARP: Absolute refractory period; CAD: Coronary artery disease; DAD: Delayed after depolarization; EAD: Early after depolarization; LA: Left atrium; LVEDP: Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; RyR: Ryanodine receptor.