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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 2.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Cancer Biol. 2022 Dec 13;88:46–66. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.002

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

A summary of various secreted factors implicated in EMT induction by stromal cells and immune cells. CAFs, CAAs and immune cells including T lymphocytes, TAMs and MDSCs could promote EMT in cancer cells through the secretion of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, such as TGFβ, IL-6, CXCL12, CCL18, FGF and HGF. Meanwhile, cancer cells secrete various factors to stimulate CAFs or CAAs formation and recruit more Tregs, TAMs or MDSCs. CAFs: cancer associated fibroblasts; CAAs: cancer associated adipocytes; TAMs: tumor associated macrophages; MDSCs: myeloid-derived suppressor cells.