Table 4. Factors associated with Lassa IgG seroconversion during pregnancy.
| Factor | N | n | χ2 P valuea |
OR crude [95% CI] |
P crude | OR adjustedb [95% CI] |
P adjustedb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 106 | 22 | |||||
| Age (years) | 106 | 22 | 0·099 | 1·06 [0·97–1·17] | 0·211 | 1·03 [0·94–1·14] | 0·557 |
| Parity | 106 | 22 | 0·318 | 1·20 [0·90–1·59] | 0·204 | — | — |
| Lives in a rural area | |||||||
| No | 42 | 12 | 0·142 | 2·13 [0·84–5·50] | 0·112 | 2·34 [0·86–6·77] | 0·097 |
| Yes | 64 | 10 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Educational level | |||||||
| Post-secondary | 83 | 14 | Reference | Reference | |||
| No post-secondary | 23 | 8 | 0·081 | 2·63 [0·94–7·19] | 0·066 | 2·65 [0·82–8·49] | 0·101 |
| Occupation | |||||||
| Student | 8 | 3 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Housewife | 15 | 2 | 0·29 [0·04–1·92] | — | — | ||
| HCP | 17 | 4 | 0·713 | 0·52 [0·09–3·04] | 0·724c | — | — |
| Informal Sector | 34 | 6 | 0·36 [0·07–1·88] | — | — | ||
| Formal Sector | 32 | 7 | 0·46 [0·09–2·39] | — | — | ||
| Knowledge of LF risk & transmission | |||||||
| Good | 17 | 2 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Poor | 89 | 20 | 0·515 | 1·83 [0·51–9·79] | 0·381 | — | — |
| Exposure to rodents | |||||||
| No | 22 | 0 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 83 | 22 | 0·006 | 16·19 [2·07–2088] | 0·003 | 11·77 [1·46–1523] | 0·014 |
| Possible exposure to LF patients | |||||||
| Unlikely | 97 | 20 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Likely | 9 | 2 | 1·00 | 1·26 [0·22–5·18] | 0·768 | — | — |
| Fever during pregnancy | |||||||
| No | 87 | 16 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 19 | 6 | 0·218 | 2·08 [0·68–6·02] | 0·192 | 1·80 [0·48–6·26] | 0·368 |
| History of Lassa fever | |||||||
| No | 103 | 21 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Yes | 3 | 1 | 0·506 | 2·30[0·20–18·24] | 0·451 | — | — |
| Malaria during pregnancy | |||||||
| No | 67 | 13 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Yes | 39 | 9 | 0·804 | 1·25 [0·48–3·21] | 0·635 | — | — |
| Hypertension | |||||||
| No | 104 | 21 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Yes | 2 | 1 | 0.881 | 3·88 [0·30–49·7] | 0·265 | — | — |
| Pregnancy induced hypertension | |||||||
| No | 103 | 20 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 3 | 2 | 0·205 | 6·79 [0·86–77·2] | 0·069 | 8·18 [0·95–101] | 0·055 |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||||
| No | 104 | 22 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Yes | 2 | 0 | 1.00 | 0·73 [0·005–9·44] | 0·838 | — | — |
| Gestational Diabetes | |||||||
| No | 102 | 22 | Reference | — | — | ||
| Yes | 4 | 0 | 0·578 | 0·39 [0·003–3·95] | 0·493 | — | — |
| HIV–infected | |||||||
| No | 105 | 21 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | 0·207 | 11·79 [0·61–1745] | 0·101 | 4·03 [0·17–654] | 0·397 |
Note: For statistical significance, Bonferroni p<0.008; CI- confidence interval; GA- gestational age; HCP- health professionals; LF- Lassa fever; n- number of women who seroconverted; N- total number of women who were seronegative at baseline (enrolment); OR- odds ratio; χ2- Chi squared.
a Fisher’s Exact p value or χ2 p value as appropriate.
b Adjusted for factors which were marginally significant in the univariate regression (crude p<0·25), except collinear terms.
c Overall P value.