TABLE 3: Signs, symptoms, and pre-existing diseases of patients with dengue and chikungunya according to their survival status.
| Variable | Deaths | Survivors | |
|---|---|---|---|
| na (%) | nb (%) | p | |
| Dengue | |||
| Fever | 72 (86) | 38,918 (89) | 0.321 |
| Myalgia | 48 (57) | 29,002 (66) | 0.073 |
| Headache | 36 (43) | 30,851 (71) | <0.001 |
| Rash | 19 (23) | 15,109 (35) | 0.021 |
| Vomiting | 37 (44) | 10,344 (24) | <0.001 |
| Nausea | 18 (21) | 13,216 (30) | 0.078 |
| Back pain | 9 (11) | 5,227 (12) | 0.724 |
| Conjunctivitis | 1 (1) | 1,395 (3) | 0.297 |
| Arthritis | 9 (11) | 3,021 (7) | 0.171 |
| Intense arthralgia | 29 (35) | 13,647 (31) | 0.517 |
| Petechiae | 6 (7) | 3,307 (8) | 0.882 |
| Leucopenia | 2 (2) | 1,172 (3) | 0.864 |
| Positive tourniquet test | 2 (2) | 718 (2) | 0.596 |
| Retro-orbital pain | 8 (10) | 5,475 (13) | 0.405 |
| Diabetes | 8 (10) | 239 (1) | <0.001 |
| Hematologic disease | 2 (2) | 124 (0) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease | 1 (1) | 113 (0) | 0.094 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2 (2) | 75 (0) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 8 (10) | 543 (1) | <0.001 |
| Dyspepsia | 0 (0) | 146 (0) | 0.596 |
| Chikungunya | |||
| Fever | 103 (87) | 14,636 (90) | 0.381 |
| Myalgia | 69 (58) | 9,525 (58) | 0.988 |
| Headache | 45 (38) | 9,761 (60) | <0.001 |
| Rash | 47 (40) | 5,887 (36) | 0.400 |
| Vomit | 34 (29) | 3,217 (20) | 0.014 |
| Nausea | 10 (8) | 3,626 (22) | <0.001 |
| Back pain | 14 (12) | 3,277 (20) | 0.026 |
| Conjunctivitis | 4 (3) | 818 (5) | 0.420 |
| Arthritis | 29 (25) | 2,471 (15) | 0.005 |
| Intense arthralgia | 73 (62) | 12,242 (75) | <0.001 |
| Petechiae | 5 (4) | 673 (4) | 0.952 |
| Leucopenia | 3 (3) | 303 (2) | 0.584 |
| Positive tourniquet test | 1 (1) | 98 (1) | 0.730 |
| Retro-orbital pain | 6 (5) | 1,162 (7) | 0.390 |
| Diabetes | 13 (11) | 198 (1) | <0.001 |
| Hematologic disease | 0 (0) | 37 (0) | 0.604 |
| Liver disease | 4 (3) | 74 (0) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 7 (6) | 40 (0) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 27 (23) | 418 (3) | <0.001 |
| Dyspepsia | 2 (2) | 56 (0) | 0.014 |
Pearson's chi-square test. a Deaths from dengue = 84; deaths from chikungunya = 118; b Survivors from dengue = 43,683; survivors from chikungunya = 16,308.