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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 2.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Ecol Stat. 2019 Oct 4;26(4):287–302. doi: 10.1007/s10651-019-00428-1

Table 5:

Simulation results from 10,000 MC runs when the true model is a near upper hinge logistic model and the data are fit using an upper hinge model. Mean estimate, %bias, and MC SD of the parameter estimate are given. Additionally, coverage and average standard error (SE) are given for model-based and model-robust standard error estimates.

Model-based
Model-robust
n Est(%Bias) MC SD Coverage SE Coverage SE

βz
50 1.28 (29) 0.57 0.986 0.42 0.959 0.63
100 1.11 (12) 0.27 0.969 0.23 0.958 0.30
500 1.02 (2) 0.09 0.953 0.09 0.95 0.09
2000 1.00 (1) 0.05 0.947 0.05 0.946 0.05
β(x-e)-
50 1.92 (95) 1.84 0.975 1.78 0.933 6.59
100 1.45 (47) 1.22 0.954 0.74 0.953 3.83
500 1.03 (4) 0.23 0.909 0.18 0.984 0.39
2000 1.00 (1) 0.10 0.915 0.09 0.984 0.13
e
50 3.01 1.31 0.914 1.53 0.788 7.81
100 3.02 1.08 0.905 0.99 0.915 5.08
500 3.03 0.47 0.919 0.42 0.992 0.99
2000 3.03 0.22 0.922 0.21 0.987 0.37