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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2023 Jun 1;29(11):2025–2033. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-3750

Figure 2. Schematic of TGFβ’s impact on DDR and consequences of inhibition.

Figure 2.

Left: TGFβ promotes HR and NHEJ DNA damage repair by regulating BRCA1 and ATM via miR-182 and inhibiting (faded) error-prone alt-EJ, which makes cells resistant to cytotoxic therapy. Right: Cells that are TGFβ-unresponsive or in which TGFβ signaling is inhibited are deficient in HR and NHEJ and resort to alt-EJ, which increases sensitivity to DNA damage and response to genotoxic chemoradiation.