Figure 5. FINO₂ analogs can induce ferroptosis through accumulation in the ER, lysosome, or mitochondria.

A. Structures of FINO₂ and analog FINO₂-1 with an added fluorescent naphthalimide label. B. Dose response curves of FINO₂ and FINO₂-1, ± fer-1 (2 μM). Data are represented as a mean ± SEM, n=3. C. Confocal fluorescence imaging of HT-1080 cells treated with FINO₂-1 (3 μM) and fer-1 (3 μM) for 3 hours, co-stained with ERTracker Red. D. Confocal fluorescence imaging of HT-1080 cells treated with FINO₂-1 (3 μM) and fer-1 (3 μM) for 3 hours, co-stained with BODIPY TR ceramide. E. Structures of FINO₂analogs FINO₂-3 and FINO₂-4. F. Confocal fluorescence imaging of HT-1080 cells treated with FINO₂-3 (3 μM) and fer-1 (3 μM) for 3 hours, co-stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos. G. Confocal fluorescence imaging of HT-1080 cells treated with FINO₂-4 (3 μM) and fer-1 (3 μM) for 3 hours, co-stained with LysoTracker Red. H. Rescue of HT-1080 cells treated for 24 hours with FINO₂-1 (2.5 μM), FINO₂-3 (5 μM), or FINO₂-4 (5 μM) by DFO (left, 10 μM cotreatment), fer-1 (center, 2 μM cotreatment), or DHA-d₁₀ (right, 20 μM 24-hour pretreatment). Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n=3 biologically independent samples.