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. 2023 May 23;9(6):e16477. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16477

Table-A.2.

SEI indicators and their corresponding weights

Broad areas of Exclusion Indicators Modalities Weights
Yes Otherwise
Economic Exclusion Subjective basic needs In the past 1 year household has not able to offered three meal a day or pay bill regularly, or keep the home adequately warm (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.06 0.017
Employment Being unemployed or discouraged worker (if Yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.010 0.067
Financial service Bank accounts owns name (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.050 0.027
Material deprivation housing Can't offered bed for every member (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.033 0.044
Constructed toilet (if Yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.037 0.040
Has Cement roof (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.075 0.002
Has cement floor (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.065 0.012
Material deprivation amenities Household cannot afford anyone or all: washing machine microwave and freeze (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.003 0.074
Has mobile phone (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.068 0.009
Has TV set (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.061 0.015
Has bicycle (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.043 0.034
Has four wheeler motored vehicle (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.074 0.003
Material deprivation ICT Household needs a computer or internet but cannot afford one (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.001 0.076
Exclusion from public Service Public Utilities No public water connection (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.021 0.091
No Sewerage system (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.004 0.107
No Gas connection (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.044 0.067
No Electricity (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.045 0.066
Education Could not afford to buy school materials for every child in past 12 months (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.016 0.095
Young children not in school or pre-school (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.022 0.090
Health Could not afford medication or dental checks for every child in the past 12 months (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.035 0.076
Doctor consulted in case of medical needs (if yes = 1, 0 otherwise) 0.11 0.001
Social infrastructure Lack of opportunities to attend events due to distance (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.051 0.060
Exclusion from Civic and Political Participation Social contact Rare or infrequent social contract with family or relatives (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.052 0.073
Rare social contract with friends (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.057 0.068
lack of support network that could help in the events of emergency (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.037 0.088
Social participation Since last 1 year household has not been able to invite friends or relatives for meal at least once a month (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.061 0.064
Has not been able to afford to buy cinema tickets since 12 month (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.046 0.079
Civic participation Inability to vote due to lack of eligibility or distance to polling station (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.023 0.102
No participation/membership in associations, teams or clubs (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.024 0.101
No participation in political/Civic activities (if yes = 0, 1 otherwise) 0.024 0.101

Source: Authors' own calculation based on primary data