Table 2.

Host factors regulated by miRNA in different RNA virus infections.

miRNA	Virus	Target	Role in pathway	Reference
miR-146a	IAV	TRAF6	Signal transducer in NF-κB pathway	(Deng et al., 2017)
	DENV			(Ouyang et al., 2016)
	SARS-CoV-2			(Maranini et al., 2022)
miR-590	DENV	TRAF6	Signal transducer in NF-κB pathway	(Su et al., 2021)
miR-223	SARS-CoV-2	NLRP3	Inflammasome complex	(Yan et al., 2019)
miR-155	SARS-CoV-2	SOCS1	Negative regulator of cytokine signaling	(Narozna and Rubis, 2021)
	IAV			(Izzard et al., 2014)
	DENV			(Wong et al., 2020)
miR-150	DENV	SOCS1	Negative regulator of cytokine signaling	(Wong et al., 2020)
miR-124	SARS-CoV-2	JAK2	Initiate JAK-STAT pathway	(Zhang et al., 2021)
miR-132	IAV	MAPK3	Inflammatory cytokine production via TLR pathway	(Buggele et al., 2012)
miR-423–5p	SARS-CoV-2	SOCS3	Negative regulator of cytokine signaling	(Narozna and Rubis, 2021)
miR-4776	IAV	IκBβ	Inhibitor of NF-κB	(Othumpangat et al., 2017)
miR-340	IAV	RIG-I	PRR recognize viral genome	(Zhao et al., 2019)
miR-451a	SARS-CoV-2	IL6R	IL6 receptor	(Zhang et al., 2021)
miR-299–3p	SARS-CoV-2	JAK1	Initiate JAK-STAT pathway	(Zhang et al., 2021)
miR-24	IAV	p38	Activation of MAPK pathway	(Liao et al., 2021)
miR-21	DENV	IL1β	Proinflammatory cytokine	(Ouyang et al., 2016)
	SARS-CoV-2			(Maranini et al., 2022)
miR-30e*	DENV	IκBα	Inhibitor of NF-κB	(Su et al., 2021)